{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T06:16:30Z","timestamp":1774419390802,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,8]],"date-time":"2020-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41674037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41674037"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61374126"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61374126"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31872849"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31872849"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"13th Five-year National Key Research and Development Plan","award":["2016YFD0702103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFD0702103"]}]},{"name":"the Foundation of Shandong Key Laboratory of Big-data Driven Safety Control Technology for Complex Systems","award":["SKDK202002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKDK202002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ammonia can be produced by the respiration and excretion of fish during the farming process, which can affect the life of fish. In this paper, to research the behavior of fish under different ammonia concentration and make the corresponding judgment and early warning for the abnormal behavior of fish, the different ammonia environments are simulated by adding the ammonium chloride into the water. Different from the existing methods of directly artificial observation or artificial marking, this paper proposed a recognition and analysis of behavior trajectory approach based on deep learning. Firstly, the three-dimensional spatial trajectories of fish are drawn by three-dimensional reconstruction. Then, the influence of different concentrations of ammonia on fish is analyzed according to the behavior trajectory of fish in different concentrations of ammonia. The results of comparative experiments show that the movement of fish and vitality decrease significantly, and the fish often stagnates in the water of containing ammonium chloride. The proposed approach can provide a new idea for the behavior analysis of animal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20164425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,10]],"date-time":"2020-08-10T05:07:23Z","timestamp":1597036043000},"page":"4425","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Analysis of Behavior Trajectory Based on Deep Learning in Ammonia Environment for Fish"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1970-2734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenkai","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1060-0686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaohu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science and Information, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3199-4872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fengli","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5662-319X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhongzhi","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science and Information, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8900-3897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Security Control Technology for Complex System Driven By Big Data, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.2019.1800325","article-title":"CONet: A Cognitive Ocean Network","volume":"26","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Wirel. 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