{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T18:03:03Z","timestamp":1770573783777,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,8]],"date-time":"2020-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of University and Research (MIUR) and the  European Social Fund (ESF)","award":["PON R&I 2014-2020 program, action 1.2 'AIM: Attraction and International Mobility' (AIM1894039-3)."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PON R&I 2014-2020 program, action 1.2 'AIM: Attraction and International Mobility' (AIM1894039-3)."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Detection and monitoring of volatiles is a challenging and fascinating issue in environmental analysis, agriculture and food quality, process control in industry, as well as in \u2018point of care\u2019 diagnostics. Gas chromatographic approaches remain the reference method for the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs); however, gas sensors (GSs), with their advantages of low cost and no or very little sample preparation, have become a reality. Gas sensors can be used singularly or in array format (e.g., e-noses); coupling data output with multivariate statical treatment allows un-target analysis of samples headspace. Within this frame, the use of new binding elements as recognition\/interaction elements in gas sensing is a challenging hot-topic that allowed unexpected advancement. In this review, the latest development of gas sensors and gas sensor arrays, realized using peptides, molecularly imprinted polymers and DNA is reported. This work is focused on the description of the strategies used for the GSs development, the sensing elements function, the sensors array set-up, and the application in real cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20164433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,10]],"date-time":"2020-08-10T05:07:23Z","timestamp":1597036043000},"page":"4433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Peptides, DNA and MIPs in Gas Sensing. From the Realization of the Sensors to Sample Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Gaggiotti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d University Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8877-7580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flavio","family":"Della Pelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2508-5680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcello","family":"Mascini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Cichelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d University Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7849-8943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dario","family":"Compagnone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6128","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200501120","article-title":"Unraveling the sense of smell (Nobel lecture)","volume":"44","author":"Buck","year":"2005","journal-title":"Angew. 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