{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T22:19:08Z","timestamp":1781129948376,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Industry 4.0 paradigm, since its initial conception in Germany in 2011, has extended its scope and adoption to a broader set of technologies. It is being considered as the most vital mechanism in the production systems lifecycle. It is the key element in the digital transformation of manufacturing industry all over the world. This scenario imposes a set of major unprecedented challenges which require to be overcome. In order to enable integration in horizontal, vertical, and end-to-end formats, one of the most critical aspects of this digital transformation process consists of effectively coupling digital integrated service\/products business models with additive manufacturing processes. This integration is based upon advanced AI-based tools for decentralized decision-making and for secure and trusted data sharing in the global value. This paper presents the FASTEN IIoT Platform, which targets to provide a flexible, configurable, and open solution. The platform acts as an interface between the shop floor and the industry 4.0 advanced applications and solutions. Examples of these efforts comprise management, forecasting, optimization, and simulation, by harmonizing the heterogeneous characteristics of the data sources involved while meeting real-time requirements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20195499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T09:15:23Z","timestamp":1601025323000},"page":"5499","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["FASTEN IIoT: An Open Real-Time Platform for Vertical, Horizontal and End-To-End Integration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6647-7624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe S.","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics and Statistic (INE), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis 88040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia M.","family":"Nassar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics and Statistic (INE), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis 88040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Gusmeroli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Politecnico di Milano, Department of Management, Economics and Industrial Engineering DIG, Polytechnic Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4903-970X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ralph","family":"Schultz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PACE\/TXT, 20126 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8124-6253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9 G. S.","family":"Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering (DEE), Federal University of Bahia\u2014UFBA, Salvador 40210-630, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Informatics, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUC-RS), Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiano","family":"Hessel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Informatics, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUC-RS), Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2312-7042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario A. R.","family":"Dantas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science (DCC), Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora 36036-330, Brazil"},{"name":"INESC P&amp;D, Santos 11055-300, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jazdi, N. (2014, January 22\u201324). Cyber physical systems in the context of Industry 4.0. Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE International Conference on Automation, Quality and Testing, Robotics, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.","DOI":"10.1109\/AQTR.2014.6857843"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1109\/MIE.2014.2312079","article-title":"Industrie 4.0: Hit or Hype? [Industry Forum]","volume":"8","author":"Drath","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Ind. Electron. Mag."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"(2020, May 19). 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