{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T04:34:17Z","timestamp":1773894857974,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010101","name":"HELIOS Kliniken","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["047476"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["047476"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010101","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Faculty of Health at Witten\/Herdecke University","award":["nA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["nA"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia and has a major impact on morbidity and mortality; however, detection of asymptomatic AF is challenging. This study aims to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of non-invasive AF detection by a medical wearable. In this observational trial, patients with AF admitted to a hospital carried the wearable and an ECG Holter (control) in parallel over a period of 24 h, while not in a physically restricted condition. The wearable with a tight-fit upper armband employs a photoplethysmography technology to determine pulse rates and inter-beat intervals. Different algorithms (including a deep neural network) were applied to five-minute periods photoplethysmography datasets for the detection of AF. A total of 2306 h of parallel recording time could be obtained in 102 patients; 1781 h (77.2%) were automatically interpretable by an algorithm. Sensitivity to detect AF was 95.2% and specificity 92.5% (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) 0.97). Usage of deep neural network improved the sensitivity of AF detection by 0.8% (96.0%) and specificity by 6.5% (99.0%) (AUC 0.98). Detection of AF by means of a wearable is feasible in hospitalized but physically active patients. Employing a deep neural network enables reliable and continuous monitoring of AF.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20195517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]],"date-time":"2020-09-28T08:02:58Z","timestamp":1601280178000},"page":"5517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Reliable Detection of Atrial Fibrillation with a Medical Wearable during Inpatient Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0780-0003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malte","family":"Jacobsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, University Witten\/Herdecke, 58448 Witten, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7023-146X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Till A.","family":"Dembek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1900-0081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Athanasios-Panagiotis","family":"Ziakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, University Witten\/Herdecke, 58448 Witten, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Helios University Hospital of Wuppertal, 42117 Wuppertal, Germany"}]},{"given":"Rahil","family":"Gholamipoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Kobbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Kollmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Blum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"M\u00fcller-Wieland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Napp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Lutz","family":"Heinemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science-Consulting in Diabetes, 41462 Neuss, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1095-9624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolas","family":"Deubner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, University Witten\/Herdecke, 58448 Witten, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Helios University Hospital of Wuppertal, 42117 Wuppertal, Germany"}]},{"given":"Nikolaus","family":"Marx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Isenmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, University Witten\/Herdecke, 58448 Witten, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, 47441 Moers, Germany"}]},{"given":"Melchior","family":"Seyfarth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, University Witten\/Herdecke, 58448 Witten, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Helios University Hospital of Wuppertal, 42117 Wuppertal, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005119","article-title":"Worldwide Epidemiology of Atrial Fibrillation: A Global Burden of Disease 2010 Study","volume":"129","author":"Chugh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"213","article-title":"Epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: European perspective","volume":"6","author":"Lercari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. 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