{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T14:30:09Z","timestamp":1772721009286,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]],"date-time":"2020-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601251200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement","award":["793449"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["793449"]}]},{"name":"e European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement","award":["872752"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["872752"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, we present an investigation of different artefact removal methods for ultra-wideband Microwave Imaging (MWI) to evaluate and quantify current methods in a real environment through measurements using an MWI device. The MWI device measures the scattered signals in a multi-bistatic fashion and employs an imaging procedure based on Huygens principle. A simple two-layered phantom mimicking human head tissue is realised, applying a cylindrically shaped inclusion to emulate brain haemorrhage. Detection has been successfully achieved using the superimposition of five transmitter triplet positions, after applying different artefact removal methods, with the inclusion positioned at 0\u00b0, 90\u00b0, 180\u00b0, and 270\u00b0. The different artifact removal methods have been proposed for comparison to improve the stroke detection process. To provide a valid comparison between these methods, image quantification metrics are presented. An \u201cideal\/reference\u201d image is used to compare the artefact removal methods. Moreover, the quantification of artefact removal procedures through measurements using MWI device is performed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20195545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]],"date-time":"2020-09-28T08:02:58Z","timestamp":1601280178000},"page":"5545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Developing Artefact Removal Algorithms to Process Data from a Microwave Imaging Device for Haemorrhagic Stroke Detection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8714-620X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Behnaz","family":"Sohani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1445-0606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Puttock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0727-5288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Banafsheh","family":"Khalesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5102-0760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Navid","family":"Ghavami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UBT-Umbria Bioengineering Technologies, Spin off of University of Perugia, 06081 Assisi, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8887-5052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Ghavami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Dudley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianluigi","family":"Tiberi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.2528\/PIERM11082907","article-title":"Microwave head imaging for stroke detection","volume":"21","author":"Ireland","year":"2012","journal-title":"Progr. 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