{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T03:57:19Z","timestamp":1781150239115,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":154,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]],"date-time":"2020-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Optical-based sensing approaches have long been an indispensable way to detect molecules in biological tissues for various biomedical research and applications. The advancement in optical microscopy is one of the main drivers for discoveries and innovations in both life science and biomedical imaging. However, the shallow imaging depth due to the use of ballistic photons fundamentally limits optical imaging approaches\u2019 translational potential to a clinical setting. Photoacoustic (PA) tomography (PAT) is a rapidly growing hybrid imaging modality that is capable of acoustically detecting optical contrast. PAT uniquely enjoys high-resolution deep-tissue imaging owing to the utilization of diffused photons. The exploration of endogenous contrast agents and the development of exogenous contrast agents further improve the molecular specificity for PAT. PAT\u2019s versatile design and non-invasive nature have proven its great potential as a biomedical imaging tool for a multitude of biomedical applications. In this review, representative endogenous and exogenous PA contrast agents will be introduced alongside common PAT system configurations, including the latest advances of all-optical acoustic sensing techniques.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20195595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]],"date-time":"2020-09-29T20:56:22Z","timestamp":1601412982000},"page":"5595","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["A Review of Endogenous and Exogenous Contrast Agents Used in Photoacoustic Tomography with Different Sensing Configurations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7311-0372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor T.C.","family":"Tsang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational and Advanced Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3550-2505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiufeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational and Advanced Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6399-758X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Terence T.W.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational and Advanced Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41101","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2195024","article-title":"Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine","volume":"77","author":"Xu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cit. 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