{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T09:15:50Z","timestamp":1760346950391,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science &amp; Technology Supporting Program of Sichuan Province","award":["2018GZDZX0003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018GZDZX0003"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2018YFB2101300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFB2101300"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, a biological retina inspired tone mapping processor for high-speed and energy-efficient image enhancement has been proposed. To achieve high throughput and high energy efficiency, several hardware design techniques have been proposed, including data partition based parallel processing with S-shape sliding, adjacent frame feature sharing, multi-layer convolution pipelining, and convolution filter compression with zero skipping convolution. Implemented on a Xilinx\u2019s Virtex7 FPGA, the proposed design achieves a high throughput of 189 frames per second for 1024 \u00d7 768 RGB images while consuming 819 mW. Compared with several state-of-the-art tone mapping processors, the proposed design shows higher throughput and energy efficiency. It is suitable for high-speed and energy-constrained image enhancement applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20195600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T09:41:01Z","timestamp":1601458861000},"page":"5600","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A Biological Retina Inspired Tone Mapping Processor for High-Speed and Energy-Efficient Image Enhancement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Xiaoqiang","family":"Xiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China"}]},{"given":"Luying","family":"Que","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China"}]},{"given":"Conghan","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China"}]},{"given":"Yongjie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2659-3150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinhong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1049\/el.2017.3227","article-title":"Local tone mapping algorithm and hardware implementation","volume":"54","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Electron. 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