{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:35:10Z","timestamp":1787240110525,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001824","name":"Grantov\u00e1 Agentura \u010cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19-02804S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19-02804S"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, we investigate ethanol (EtOH)-sensing mechanisms of a ZnO nanorod (NRs)-based chemiresistor using a near-ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS). First, the ZnO NRs-based sensor was constructed, showing good performance on interaction with 100 ppm of EtOH in the ambient air at 327 \u00b0C. Then, the same ZnO NRs film was investigated by NAP-XPS in the presence of 1 mbar oxygen, simulating the ambient air atmosphere and O2\/EtOH mixture at the same temperature. The partial pressure of EtOH was 0.1 mbar, which corresponded to the partial pressure of 100 ppm of analytes in the ambient air. To better understand the EtOH-sensing mechanism, the NAP-XPS spectra were also studied on exposure to O2\/EtOH\/H2O and O2\/MeCHO (MeCHO = acetaldehyde) mixtures. Our results revealed that the reaction of EtOH with chemisorbed oxygen on the surface of ZnO NRs follows the acetaldehyde pathway. It was also demonstrated that, during the sensing process, the surface becomes contaminated by different products of MeCHO decomposition, which decreases dc-sensor performance. However, the ac performance does not seem to be affected by this phenomenon.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20195602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T09:41:01Z","timestamp":1601458861000},"page":"5602","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["New Insights towards High-Temperature Ethanol-Sensing Mechanism of ZnO-Based Chemiresistors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5762-1030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lesia","family":"Piliai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Hole\u0161ovi\u010dk\u00e1ch 2, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Tome\u010dek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Measurements, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technick\u00e1 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7931-4955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Hru\u0161ka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Measurements, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technick\u00e1 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Khalakhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Hole\u0161ovi\u010dk\u00e1ch 2, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaroslava","family":"Nov\u00e1kov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Hole\u0161ovi\u010dk\u00e1ch 2, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u0159emysl","family":"Fitl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Measurements, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technick\u00e1 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6811-0327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roman","family":"Yatskiv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photonics and Electronics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Chabersk\u00e1 1014\/57, 182 51 Prague 8, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0164-8581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Grym","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photonics and Electronics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Chabersk\u00e1 1014\/57, 182 51 Prague 8, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8382-7027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mykhailo","family":"Vorokhta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Hole\u0161ovi\u010dk\u00e1ch 2, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6808-7809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iva","family":"Matol\u00ednov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Hole\u0161ovi\u010dk\u00e1ch 2, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Vr\u0148ata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Measurements, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technick\u00e1 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-7021(04)00287-1","article-title":"ZnO: Growth, doping and processing","volume":"7","author":"Norton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mater. 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