{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T10:49:58Z","timestamp":1773053398746,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,8]],"date-time":"2020-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Japan\u2013Korea basic scientific cooperation program"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Japan\u2013Korea basic scientific cooperation program"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20H02597"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20H02597"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The influence of nivolumab on intercellular adhesion forces between T cells and cancer cells was evaluated quantitatively using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Two model T cells, one expressing high levels of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) (PD-1high Jurkat) and the other with low PD-1 expression levels (PD-1low Jurkat), were analyzed. In addition, two model cancer cells, one expressing programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) on the cell surface (PC-9, PD-L1+) and the other without PD-L1 (MCF-7, PD-L1\u2212), were also used. A T cell was attached to the apex of the AFM cantilever using a cup-attached AFM chip, and the intercellular adhesion forces were measured. Although PD-1high T cells adhered strongly to PD-L1+ cancer cells, the adhesion force was smaller than that with PD-L1\u2212 cancer cells. After the treatment of PD-1high T cells with nivolumab, the adhesion force with PD-L1+ cancer cells increased to a similar level as with PD-L1\u2212 cancer cells. These results can be explained by nivolumab influencing the upregulation of the adhesion ability of PD-1high T cells with PD-L1+ cancer cells. These results were obtained by measuring intercellular adhesion forces quantitatively, indicating the usefulness of single-cell AFM analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20195723","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]],"date-time":"2020-10-09T10:19:23Z","timestamp":1602238763000},"page":"5723","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Influence of Nivolumab for Intercellular Adhesion Force between a T Cell and a Cancer Cell Evaluated by AFM Force Spectroscopy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1786-648X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyonchol","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenta","family":"Ishibashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masumi","family":"Iijima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Biomolecular Science and Reaction, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5432-7274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shun\u2019ichi","family":"Kuroda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomolecular Science and Reaction, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chikashi","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2015.05.011","article-title":"PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitors","volume":"23","author":"Sunshine","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. 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