{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T15:58:29Z","timestamp":1774367909978,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]],"date-time":"2020-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005417","name":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["00L68"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00L68"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005417","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Higher Education (MoHE)","award":["4J411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4J411"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the 5G mobile system, new features such as millimetre wave operation, small cell size and multi beam are requested at base stations. At millimetre wave, the base station antennas become very small in size, which is about 30 cm; thus, dielectric lens antennas that have excellent multi beam radiation pattern performance are suitable candidates. For base station application, the lens antennas with small thickness and small curvature are requested for light weight and ease of installation. In this paper, a new lens shaping method for thin and small lens curvature is proposed. In order to develop the thin lens antenna, comparisons of antenna structures with conventional aperture distribution lens and Abbe\u2019s sine lens are made. Moreover, multi beam radiation pattern of three types of lenses are compared. As a result, the thin and small curvature of the proposed lens and an excellent multi beam radiation pattern are ensured.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20205849","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]],"date-time":"2020-10-16T08:56:48Z","timestamp":1602838608000},"page":"5849","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Multi Beam Dielectric Lens Antenna for 5G Base Station"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7992-8650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farizah","family":"Ansarudin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor 81310, Malaysia"},{"name":"Department of Electrical, Electronic &amp; Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering &amp; Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43650, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tharek","family":"Abd Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor 81310, Malaysia"},{"name":"Wireless Communication Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor 81310, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihide","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1845-3254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nurul Huda Abd","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor 40450, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamilia","family":"Kamardin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2013.2260813","article-title":"Millimeter wave mobile communications for 5G cellular: It Will Work!","volume":"1","author":"Rappaport","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s11235-016-0216-9","article-title":"Towards the fulfillment of 5G network requirements: Technologies and challenges","volume":"65","author":"Alnoman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Telecommun. 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