{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T18:45:37Z","timestamp":1760985937411,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2018YFB0105205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFB0105205"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012239","name":"Hubei Province Technological Innovation Major Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018AAA059","2019AAA025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018AAA059","2019AAA025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012239","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WUT: 2019-JL-023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WUT: 2019-JL-023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To improve the standard point positioning (SPP) accuracy of integrated BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System)\/GPS (Global Positioning System) at the receiver end, a novel approach based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) error correction recurrent neural network is proposed and implemented to reduce the error caused by multiple sources. On the basis of the weighted least square (WLS) method and Kalman filter, the proposed LSTM-based algorithms, named WLS\u2013LSTM and Kalman\u2013LSTM error correction methods, are used to predict the positioning error of the next epoch, and the prediction result is used to correct the next epoch error. Based on the measured data, the results of the weighted least square method, the Kalman filter method and the LSTM error correction method were compared and analyzed. The dynamic test was also conducted, and the experimental results in dynamic scenarios were analyzed. From the experimental results, the three-dimensional point positioning error of Kalman\u2013LSTM error correction method is 1.038 m, while the error of weighted least square method, Kalman filter and WLS\u2013LSTM error correction method are 3.498, 3.406 and 1.782 m, respectively. The positioning error is 3.7399 m and the corrected positioning error is 0.7493 m in a dynamic scene. The results show that the LSTM-based error correction method can improve the standard point positioning accuracy of integrated BDS\/GPS significantly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20216162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T21:21:00Z","timestamp":1604006460000},"page":"6162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Novel Error Correction Approach to Improve Standard Point Positioning of Integrated BDS\/GPS"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9455-3241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luyao","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of automation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8278-881X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of information engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhonghui","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of information engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of automation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"Analysis of Positioning Performance on Combined BDS\/GPS System","volume":"39","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. 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