{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T11:21:39Z","timestamp":1780053699836,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is one of the most promising wireless communication technologies. Examples of UWB applications include, among others, radiocommunication devices and location systems, due to their operating range, ability to work in outdoor environments, and resistance to multipath effects. This article focuses on the use of UWB technology in constructing a guide localization system for an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV), which is one of the stages of implementing a \u201cfollow me\u201d system. This article describes the complete process of UWB signal processing from its acquisition, methods of filtering, and obtained results, to determining the location of the guide. This article examines the possibility of using modified versions of localization algorithms for determining the guide\u2019s location, including trilateration, methods of nonlinear programming, and a geometric algorithm proposed by us. The innovation of this study consists in the implementation of an algorithm that changes the selection of equations (mathematical model) for determining location based on the number of available measurements from UWB sensors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20216171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T21:21:00Z","timestamp":1604006460000},"page":"6171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Research on Developing an Outdoor Location System Based on the Ultra-Wideband Technology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2301-3280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Ryka\u0142a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Military University of Technology, 2 gen. S. Kaliskiego str., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Typiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Military University of Technology, 2 gen. S. Kaliskiego str., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1380-9979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafa\u0142","family":"Typiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Military University of Technology, 2 gen. S. Kaliskiego str., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Czapla, T., and Wrona, J. (2013). Technology development of military applications of unmanned ground vehicles. 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