{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T11:13:57Z","timestamp":1772795637034,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["NO.2017YFB0405503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NO.2017YFB0405503"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.61705263"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.61705263"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.61705262"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.61705262"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.61775238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.61775238"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.61605244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.61605244"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.61905283"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.61905283"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The 3 \u00d7 3 demodulation algorithm has been widely used in retrieving the phase information in the optical fiber sensing system, while the asymmetry of the 3 \u00d7 3 coupler can introduce some distortions. In this situation, the parameters of the 3 \u00d7 3 coupler can be calibrated by the ellipse fitting method to remove the distortions. Conducting a frequency modulation on the laser, together with an unbalanced Michelson interferometer, makes the ellipse fitting method implemented, which is more appropriate for all-optical sensing. Unexpectedly, the auxiliary amplitude modulation of the laser induced by the frequency modulation is inevitable, leading to the deterioration of the calibration. In this paper, the influence of the auxiliary amplitude modulation on the calibration of the asymmetric parameters is analyzed theoretically and verified experimentally, on the basis of which a convenient but highly efficient method for acquiring the output of the laser and removing related items from the interferometric signals is put forward. The feasibility and robustness of the proposed solution is tested experimentally, and the results show that the mean square errors of the fittings and the variation coefficients of the calibrated parameter sequences are at the scale of 10\u22125 and 10\u22124, respectively, indicating that the method performs very well.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20216180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T09:29:32Z","timestamp":1604050172000},"page":"6180","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A Method to Eliminate the Influence of Frequency-Modulating-Induced Auxiliary Amplitude Modulation on the Calibration of 3 \u00d7 3 Coupler Asymmetric Parameters"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8135-9757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yichi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Meteorology and Oceanology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"},{"name":"Academy of Artillery and Air Defense, Nanjing 210000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianfei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Meteorology and Oceanology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Meteorology and Oceanology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingyang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Meteorology and Oceanology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Meteorology and Oceanology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhou","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Meteorology and Oceanology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2796","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2018.2803750","article-title":"Distributed acoustic sensor using broadband weak FBG array for large temperature tolerance","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. 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