{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T07:17:40Z","timestamp":1763018260758,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science and Technology Research and Development Project of Changsha","award":["kq1901026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["kq1901026"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011219","name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61770005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61770005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011219","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201806130093"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201806130093"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to evaluate the effectiveness of a pedestrian-automatic emergency braking (PAEB) system on pedestrian protection, a set of PAEB test equipment was developed according to the test requirement of China-New Car Assessment Program (C-NCAP) (2018) in this study. In the aspect of system control strategy, global positioning system (GPS) differential positioning was used to achieve the required measurement and positioning accuracy, the collaborative control between the PAEB test equipment and automated driving robot (ADR) was achieved by wireless communication, and the motion state of the dummy target in the PAEB system was controlled by using the S-shaped-curve velocity control method. Part of the simulations and field tests were conducted according to the scenario requirements specified in C-NCAP (2018). The experimental and simulated results showed that the test equipment demonstrated high accuracy and precision in the process of testing, the dummy target movement was smooth and stable, complying with the requirements of PAEB tests set forth in C-NCAP (2018), and yielding satisfactory results as designed. Subsequently, the performance of the AEB of a vehicle under test (VUT) was conducted and the score for star-rating to evaluate the performance level of AEB calculated. Results indicated the developed test equipment in this study could be used to evaluate the performance of the PAEB system with effectiveness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20216206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T21:34:47Z","timestamp":1604093687000},"page":"6206","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Development of Test Equipment for Pedestrian-Automatic Emergency Braking Based on C-NCAP (2018)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China"},{"name":"College of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China"}]},{"given":"Libo","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China"}]},{"given":"Clifford C.","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomechanics Research Centre, Wayne State University, 818 W. Hancock, Detroit, MI 48201, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2018). Global Status Report of Road Safety, On-Line, WHO."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamid, U.Z.A., Zakuan, F.R.A., and Zulkepli, K.A. (2017, January 15\u201317). Autonomous Emergency Braking System with Potential Field Risk Assessment for Frontal Collision Mitigation. Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE Conference on Systems, Process and Control (Icspc), Malacca, Malaysia.","DOI":"10.1109\/SPC.2017.8313024"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"NTSB (2017). Reducing Speeding-Related Crashes Involving Passenger Vehicles, National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Messring (Crash Test Technology International, 2015). 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