{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T02:22:47Z","timestamp":1780712567402,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,31]],"date-time":"2020-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CoE project\/UGent","award":["51235"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51235"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Long-term electrocardiography (ECG) monitoring is very essential for the early detection and treatment of cardiovascular disorders. However, commercially used silver\/silver chloride (Ag\/AgCl) electrodes have drawbacks, and these become more obvious during long-term signal monitoring, making them inconvenient for this use. In this study, we developed silver printed textile electrodes from knitted cotton and polyester fabric for ECG monitoring. The surface resistance of printed electrodes was 1.64 \u03a9\/sq for cotton and 1.78 \u03a9\/sq for polyester electrodes. The ECG detection performance of the electrodes was studied by placing three electrodes around the wrist where the electrodes were embedded on an elastic strap with Velcro. The ECG signals collected using textile electrodes had a comparable waveform to those acquired using standard Ag\/AgCl electrodes with a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 33.10, 30.17, and 33.52 dB for signals collected from cotton, polyester, and Ag\/AgCl electrodes, respectively. The signal quality increased as the tightness of the elastic strap increased. Signals acquired at 15 mmHg pressure level with the textile electrodes provided a similar quality to those acquired using standard electrodes. Interestingly, the textile electrodes gave acceptable signal quality even after ten washing cycles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20216233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,31]],"date-time":"2020-10-31T21:39:56Z","timestamp":1604180396000},"page":"6233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Development of Washable Silver Printed Textile Electrodes for Long-Term ECG Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4597-1615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abreha Bayrau","family":"Nigusse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium"},{"name":"Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar 6000, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8383-8068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benny","family":"Malengier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3270-5123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Desalegn Alemu","family":"Mengistie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar 6000, Ethiopia"},{"name":"Materials Engineering Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2167-7032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Granch Berhe","family":"Tseghai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium"},{"name":"Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar 6000, Ethiopia"},{"name":"Jimma Insitute of Technology, Jimma University, Jimma P.O. Box 378, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lieva","family":"Van Langenhove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Deepu, C.J., and Lian, Y. A computationally efficient QRS detection algorithm for wearable ECG sensors. 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