{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T22:21:13Z","timestamp":1772749273166,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]],"date-time":"2021-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural  Science Foundation of China","award":["21706220"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21706220"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study considers the problem of distinguishing between process and sensor faults in nonlinear chemical processes. An integrated fault diagnosis framework is proposed to distinguish chemical process sensor faults from process faults. The key idea of the framework is to embed the cycle temporal algorithm into the dynamic kernel principal component analysis to improve the fault detection speed and accuracy. It is combined with the fault diagnosis method based on the reconstruction-based contribution graph to diagnose the fault variables and then distinguish the two fault types according to their characteristics. Finally, the integrated fault diagnosis framework is applied to the Tennessee Eastman process and acid gas absorption process, and its effectiveness is proved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21030822","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]],"date-time":"2021-01-26T08:29:16Z","timestamp":1611649756000},"page":"822","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Integrated Diagnostic Framework for Process and Sensor Faults in Chemical Industry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"},{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1133-1652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjia","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6000-9160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiyang","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, Y.J., Fan, S.K.S., and Hsu, C.Y. 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