{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T20:22:12Z","timestamp":1790886132839,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11372256, 11502216, 11527803, 11602201 and 11602202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11372256, 11502216, 11527803, 11602201 and 11602202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi province of China","award":["2018JQ1060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018JQ1060"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Coded targets have been demarcated as control points in various vision measurement tasks such as camera calibration, 3D reconstruction, pose estimation, etc. By employing coded targets, matching corresponding image points in multi images can be automatically realized which greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of the measurement. Although the coded targets are well applied, particularly in the industrial vision system, the design of coded targets and its detection algorithms have encountered difficulties, especially under the conditions of poor illumination and flat viewing angle. This paper presents a novel concentric circular coded target (CCCT), and its positioning and identifying algorithms. The eccentricity error has been corrected based on a practical error-compensation model. Adaptive brightness adjustment has been employed to address the problems of poor illumination such as overexposure and underexposure. The robust recognition is realized by perspective correction based on four vertices of the background area in the CCCT local image. The simulation results indicate that the eccentricity errors of the larger and smaller circles at a large viewing angle of 70\u00b0 are reduced by 95% and 77% after correction by the proposed method. The result of the wing deformation experiment demonstrates that the error of the vision method based on the corrected center is reduced by up to 18.54% compared with the vision method based on only the ellipse center when the wing is loaded with a weight of 6 kg. The proposed design is highly applicable, and its detection algorithms can achieve accurate positioning and robust identification even in challenging environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21030855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T05:23:05Z","timestamp":1611811385000},"page":"855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["A Novel Concentric Circular Coded Target, and Its Positioning and Identifying Method for Vision Measurement under Challenging Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Institute of Intelligent Optical Measurement and Detection, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"International Research Laboratory of Impact Dynamics and Its Engineering Application, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"International Research Laboratory of Impact Dynamics and Its Engineering Application, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Suo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"International Research Laboratory of Impact Dynamics and Its Engineering Application, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qifeng","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"},{"name":"Institute of Intelligent Optical Measurement and Detection, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, T., and Zhou, Z. 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