{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T10:00:41Z","timestamp":1764842441043,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project","award":["2017SHZDZX01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017SHZDZX01"]}]},{"name":"Key Area Support Plan of Guangdong Province","award":["X190051TB190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["X190051TB190"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hemodynamic activities, as an essential measure of physiological and psychological characteristics, can be used for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease detection. Photoplethysmography imaging (iPPG) can be applied for such purposes with non-contact advances, however, most cardiovascular hemodynamics of iPPG systems are developed for laboratory research, which limits the application in pervasive healthcare. In this study, a video-based facial iPPG detecting equipment was devised to provide multi-dimensional spatiotemporal hemodynamic pulsations for applications with high portability and self-monitoring requirements. A series of algorithms have also been developed for physiological indices such as heart rate and breath rate extraction, facial region analysis, and visualization of hemodynamic pulsation distribution. Results showed that the new device can provide a reliable measurement of a rich range of cardiovascular hemodynamics. Combined with the advanced computing techniques, the new non-contact iPPG system provides a promising solution for user-friendly pervasive healthcare.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21030872","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T09:03:45Z","timestamp":1611824625000},"page":"872","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["An iPPG-Based Device for Pervasive Monitoring of Multi-Dimensional Cardiovascular Hemodynamics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3222-1276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingjing","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of AI and Robotics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"},{"name":"Jihua Laboratory, Guangdong 528000, China"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Zhen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jihua Laboratory, Guangdong 528000, China"},{"name":"School of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Intelligent Medical Electronics, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"},{"name":"Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8588-5172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuzhu","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2015.2476337","article-title":"Photoplethysmography revisited: From contact to non-contact, from point to imaging","volume":"63","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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