{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T14:53:09Z","timestamp":1777042389731,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TEC2016-76038-C3-1-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TEC2016-76038-C3-1-R"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, a real-time software-in-loop simulation technique was employed to test and analyse an underwater wireless sensor network. This simulation should facilitate the deployment of the real network and helps guarantee the network\u2019s expected behaviour. We study duplicated packets, one-way delay, and power consumption to analyse the network\u2019s leading parameters. Evaluating production-ready software in simulated conditions eases effective deployment. This method will ultimately allow us to establish these parameters, test the software before the deployment, and have an excellent understanding of the network\u2019s behaviour.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21030966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T11:40:48Z","timestamp":1612179648000},"page":"966","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Software-In-Loop Simulation of an Underwater Wireless Sensor Network for Monitoring Seawater Quality: Parameter Selection and Performance Validation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0655-0970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Clavijo-Rodriguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Processing and Telecommunications Center, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid (UPM), Av Complutense 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4408-335X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Alonso-Eugenio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto para el Desarrollo Tecnol\u00f3gico y la Innovaci\u00f3n en Comunicaciones (IDeTIC), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), 35017 Las Palmas, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9073-7927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Santiago","family":"Zazo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Processing and Telecommunications Center, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid (UPM), Av Complutense 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5990-8409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Perez-Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto para el Desarrollo Tecnol\u00f3gico y la Innovaci\u00f3n en Comunicaciones (IDeTIC), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), 35017 Las Palmas, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2005.01.004","article-title":"Underwater acoustic sensor networks: Research challenges","volume":"3","author":"Akyildiz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ad Hoc Netw."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2011.0214","article-title":"Underwater sensor networks: Applications, advances and challenges","volume":"370","author":"Heidemann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Philos. 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