{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T09:06:00Z","timestamp":1769850360035,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]],"date-time":"2021-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","award":["grant ID: GGPM-2020-029 and grant ID: PP-FTSM-2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["grant ID: GGPM-2020-029 and grant ID: PP-FTSM-2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Modern vehicles are equipped with various sensors, onboard units, and devices such as Application Unit (AU) that support routing and communication. In VANETs, traffic management and Quality of Service (QoS) are the main research dimensions to be considered while designing VANETs architectures. To cope with the issues of QoS faced by the VANETs, we design an efficient SDN-based architecture where we focus on the QoS of VANETs. In this paper, QoS is achieved by a priority-based scheduling algorithm in which we prioritize traffic flow messages in the safety queue and non-safety queue. In the safety queue, the messages are prioritized based on deadline and size using the New Deadline and Size of data method (NDS) with constrained location and deadline. In contrast, the non-safety queue is prioritized based on First Come First Serve (FCFS) method. For the simulation of our proposed scheduling algorithm, we use a well-known cloud computing framework CloudSim toolkit. The simulation results of safety messages show better performance than non-safety messages in terms of execution time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21041400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]],"date-time":"2021-02-17T21:35:42Z","timestamp":1613597742000},"page":"1400","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["On the Design of Efficient Hierarchic Architecture for Software Defined Vehicular Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Adnan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5045-7485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jawaid","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan"},{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0974-6154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdul","family":"Waheed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan"},{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5822-5550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noor Ul","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6623-1758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahdi","family":"Zareei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Zapopan 45201, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0383-3553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shidrokh","family":"Goudarzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Artificial Intelligent (CAIT), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1843-0821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asif","family":"Umer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shin, M.K., Nam, K.H., and Kim, H.J. 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