{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T17:03:37Z","timestamp":1778346217905,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Alfredo Ciniglio scholarship was funded by Diadora s.r.l.; Annamaria Guiotto\u2019s post-doctoral fellowship is supported by MIUR (Italian Minister for Education) under the initiative \u201cDepartments of Excellence\u201d (Law 232\/2016).; Fabiola Spolaor\u2019s post-doctoral","award":["Alfredo Ciniglio scholarship was funded by Diadora s.r.l.; Annamaria Guiotto\u2019s post-doctoral fellowship is supported by MIUR (Italian Minister for Education) under the initiative \u201cDepartments of Excellence\u201d (Law 232\/2016).; Fabiola Spolaor\u2019s post-doctoral"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Alfredo Ciniglio scholarship was funded by Diadora s.r.l.; Annamaria Guiotto\u2019s post-doctoral fellowship is supported by MIUR (Italian Minister for Education) under the initiative \u201cDepartments of Excellence\u201d (Law 232\/2016).; Fabiola Spolaor\u2019s post-doctoral"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The quantification of plantar pressure distribution is widely done in the diagnosis of lower limbs deformities, gait analysis, footwear design, and sport applications. To date, a number of pressure insole layouts have been proposed, with different configurations according to their applications. The goal of this study is to assess the validity of a 16-sensors (1.5 \u00d7 1.5 cm) pressure insole to detect plantar pressure distribution during different tasks in the clinic and sport domains. The data of 39 healthy adults, acquired with a Pedar-X\u00ae system (Novel GmbH, Munich, Germany) during walking, weight lifting, and drop landing, were used to simulate the insole. The sensors were distributed by considering the location of the peak pressure on all trials: 4 on the hindfoot, 3 on the midfoot, and 9 on the forefoot. The following variables were computed with both systems and compared by estimating the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE): Peak\/Mean Pressure, Ground Reaction Force (GRF), Center of Pressure (COP), the distance between COP and the origin, the Contact Area. The lowest (0.61%) and highest (82.4%) RMSE values were detected during gait on the medial-lateral COP and the GRF, respectively. This approach could be used for testing different layouts on various applications prior to production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21041450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T09:06:10Z","timestamp":1613725570000},"page":"1450","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["The Design and Simulation of a 16-Sensors Plantar Pressure Insole Layout for Different Applications: From Sports to Clinics, a Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Ciniglio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Engineering, DEI, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0635-098X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annamaria","family":"Guiotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Engineering, DEI, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4723-0546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiola","family":"Spolaor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Engineering, DEI, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2624-5415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zimi","family":"Sawacha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Engineering, DEI, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, DIMED, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9884","DOI":"10.3390\/s120709884","article-title":"Foot plantar pressure measurement system: A review","volume":"12","author":"Razak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079902000711","article-title":"Defining flatfoot","volume":"20","author":"Tareco","year":"1999","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.20.11.1706","article-title":"Reducing plantar pressure in the neuropathic foot: A comparison of footwear","volume":"20","author":"Lavery","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(03)00078-2","article-title":"Forefoot structural predictors of plantar pressures during walking in people with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy","volume":"36","author":"Mueller","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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