{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T22:41:26Z","timestamp":1788907286753,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,21]],"date-time":"2021-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002809","name":"Generalitat de Catalunya","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017SGR1246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017SGR1246"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A low-cost signal processing circuit developed to measure and drive a heat dissipation soil matric potential sensor based on a single thermosensitive resistor is demonstrated. The SnSe2 has a high thermal coefficient, from \u22122.4\u03a9\/\u00b0C in the 20 to 25 \u00b0C to \u22121.07\u03a9\/\u00b0C in the 20 to 25 \u00b0C. The SnSe2 thermosensitive resistor is encapsulated with a porous gypsum block and is used as both the heating and temperature sensing element. To control the power dissipated on the thermosensitive resistor and keep it constant during the heat pulse, a mixed analogue\/digital circuit is used. The developed control circuit is able to maintain the dissipated power at 327.98\u00b10.3% mW when the resistor changes from 94.96\u03a9 to 86.23\u03a9. When the gravimetric water content of the porous block changes from dry to saturated (\u03b8w=36.7%), we measured a variation of 4.77\u03a9 in the thermosensitive resistor, which results in an end-point sensitivity of 130 m\u03a9\/%. The developed system can easily meet the standard requirement of measuring the gravimetric soil water content with a resolution of approximately \u0394\u03b8w=1%, since the resistance is measured with a resolution of approximately \u03bc31\u03bc\u03a9, three orders of magnitude smaller than the sensitivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21041490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,21]],"date-time":"2021-02-21T22:04:15Z","timestamp":1613945055000},"page":"1490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Low-Cost Control and Measurement Circuit for the Implementation of Single Element Heat Dissipation Soil Water Matric Potential Sensor Based on a SnSe2 Thermosensitive Resistor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7638-1984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fl\u00e1vio","family":"Morais","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Tup\u00e3, SP 17602-496, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0213-4382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Carvalhaes-Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidade Tecnol\u00f3gica Federal do Paran\u00e1 (UTFPR), Corn\u00e9lio Proc\u00f3pio, PR 86300-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0332-0013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7533-3251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreu","family":"Cabot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies\u2014ICREA, Pg. Llu\u00eds Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5769-9882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1bio S.","family":"Flosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Semiconductors, Instrumentation and Photonics, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-820, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7794-6003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis Caparroz","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidade Tecnol\u00f3gica Federal do Paran\u00e1 (UTFPR), Corn\u00e9lio Proc\u00f3pio, PR 86300-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8396-1760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adelson","family":"Dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Semiconductors, Instrumentation and Photonics, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-820, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5660-7301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 A. Siqueira","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Semiconductors, Instrumentation and Photonics, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-820, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1975","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2012.06.012","article-title":"Autonomous precision agriculture through integration of wireless sensor networks with center pivot irrigation systems","volume":"11","author":"Dong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ad. Hoc. Netw."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2011.2173041","article-title":"A Capacitive Fringing Field Sensor Design for Moisture Measurement Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology","volume":"61","author":"Dean","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Instrum. 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