{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T22:29:10Z","timestamp":1762036150690,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,21]],"date-time":"2021-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LY19E050010","LY20E050009","LGF20E050001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY19E050010","LY20E050009","LGF20E050001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"General Research Projects of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education","award":["Y201943038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y201943038"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A quantitative and rapid burn injury detection method has been proposed based on the electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of blood with a seven-parameter equivalent circuit. The degree of burn injury is estimated from the electrical impedance characteristics of blood with different volume proportions of red blood cells (RBCs) and heated red blood cells (HRBCs). A quantitative relationship between the volume portion HHCT of HRBCs and the electrical impedance characteristics of blood has been demonstrated. A seven -parameter equivalent circuit is employed to quantify the relationship from the perspective of electricity. Additionally, the traditional Hanai equation has been modified to verify the experimental results. Results show that the imaginary part of impedance ZImt under the characteristic frequency (fc) has a linear relationship with HHCT which could be described by ZImt = \u22122.56HHCT \u2212 2.01 with a correlation coefficient of 0.96. Moreover, the relationship between the plasma resistance Rp and HHCT is obtained as Rp = \u22127.2HHCT + 3.91 with a correlation coefficient of 0.96 from the seven -parameter equivalent circuit. This study shows the feasibility of EIS in the quantitative detection of burn injury by the quantitative parameters ZImt and Rp, which might be meaningful for the follow-up clinical treatment for burn injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21041496","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,21]],"date-time":"2021-02-21T22:04:15Z","timestamp":1613945055000},"page":"1496","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Quantitative Evaluation of Burn Injuries Based on Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy of Blood with a Seven-Parameter Equivalent Circuit"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9815-833X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huilu","family":"Bao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Precision Machinery and Smart Structure, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Precision Machinery and Smart Structure, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4630-0194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianming","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Precision Machinery and Smart Structure, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Precision Machinery and Smart Structure, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yili","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Precision Machinery and Smart Structure, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Precision Machinery and Smart Structure, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nen","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Precision Machinery and Smart Structure, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Takei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Artificial System Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfw036","article-title":"Continuous venovenous hemofiltration using customized replacement fluid for acute kidney injury with severe hypernatremia","volume":"9","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. 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