{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T00:55:43Z","timestamp":1778892943417,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TRR 136\/2 - 2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRR 136\/2 - 2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The loads acting on a workpiece during machining processes determine the modification of the surface of the final workpiece and, thus, its functional properties. In this work, a method that uses thermocouples to measure the temperature in precision fly-cutting machining with high spatial and temporal resolution is presented. Experiments were conducted for various materials and machining parameters. We compare experimental measurement data with results from modern and advanced machining process simulation and find a good match between experimental and simulation results. Therefore, the simulation is validated by experimental data and can be used to calculate realistic internal loads of machining processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21041530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T20:19:36Z","timestamp":1614111576000},"page":"1530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["An Investigation on High-Resolution Temperature Measurement in Precision Fly-Cutting"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Gr\u00e4bner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Microsensors, Actuators and Systems (IMSAS), University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7698-5078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tjarden","family":"Zielinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Werkstofforientierte Technologien\u2014IWT, 28359 Bremen, Germany"},{"name":"MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5457-135X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrey","family":"Vovk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Werkstofforientierte Technologien\u2014IWT, 28359 Bremen, Germany"},{"name":"MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5147-2206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oltmann","family":"Riemer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Werkstofforientierte Technologien\u2014IWT, 28359 Bremen, Germany"},{"name":"MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3188-5206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernhard","family":"Karpuschewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Werkstofforientierte Technologien\u2014IWT, 28359 Bremen, Germany"},{"name":"MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Microsensors, Actuators and Systems (IMSAS), University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"491","article-title":"Review of surface integrity of machined components","volume":"20","author":"Field","year":"1971","journal-title":"Cirp Ann. Manuf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s41871-018-0021-z","article-title":"Underlying Mechanisms for Developing Process Signatures in Manufacturing","volume":"1","author":"Brinksmeier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nanomanuf. Metrol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2011.11.078","article-title":"Process Signatures\u2014An Alternative Approach to Predicting Functional Workpiece Properties","volume":"19","author":"Brinksmeier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Procedia Eng."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1179\/174329409X455412","article-title":"On concept of process signature in analysis of multistage surface formation","volume":"26","author":"Mansori","year":"2010","journal-title":"Surf. Eng."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1504\/IJMMS.2016.076172","article-title":"Investigation on partitioned distribution of cutting heat and cutting temperature in micro cutting","volume":"9","author":"Sawangsri","year":"2016","journal-title":"IJMMS"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cirp.2007.10.009","article-title":"On the Measurement of Temperature in Material Removal Processes","volume":"56","author":"Davies","year":"2007","journal-title":"CIRP Ann."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmatprotec.2016.04.002","article-title":"Prediction of surface residual stress after end milling based on cutting force and temperature","volume":"235","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Mater. Process. Technol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reimers, M., Lang, W., and Dumstorff, G. (2017). Experimental and Numerical Investigations in Shallow Cut Grinding by Workpiece Integrated Infrared Thermopile Array. Sensors, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/s17102250"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s11740-009-0163-3","article-title":"Experimental and numerical identification of process parameters of grind-hardening and resulting part distortions","volume":"3","author":"Brinksmeier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prod. Eng. Res. Devel."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"108","article-title":"Measurement of Cutting Temperature during Machining","volume":"13","author":"Akhil","year":"2017","journal-title":"IOSR J. Mech. Civil Eng."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Dumstorff, G., Willert, M., Riemer, O., and Lang, W. (June, January 29). Characterizing precision cutting process by workpiece integrated printed thermocouples. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference & Exhibition, Hannover, Germany."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2959","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1305516","article-title":"Review of temperature measurement","volume":"71","author":"Childs","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tausendfreund, A., St\u00f6bener, D., and Fischer, A. (2018). Precise in-Process Strain Measurements for the Investigation of Surface Modification Mechanisms. J. Manuf. Mater. Process., 2.","DOI":"10.3390\/jmmp2010009"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijimpeng.2004.04.010","article-title":"Constitutive equation for Ti\u20136Al\u20134V at high temperatures measured using the SHPB technique","volume":"31","author":"Seo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Impact Eng."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cirp.2013.03.099","article-title":"Characterisation of friction and heat partition coefficients at the tool-work material interface in cutting","volume":"62","author":"Rech","year":"2013","journal-title":"CIRP Ann."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"143","article-title":"Inter-relationship between shear processes occurring along tool face and shear plane in metal cutting","volume":"49","author":"Zorev","year":"1963","journal-title":"Int. Res. Prod. Eng."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0890-6955(99)00051-6","article-title":"Determination of workpiece flow stress and friction at the chip\u2013tool contact for high-speed cutting","volume":"40","author":"Altan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euromechsol.2017.05.007","article-title":"Mesh influence in orthogonal cutting modelling with the Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) method","volume":"65","author":"Ducobu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Mech. A Solids"},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"Hammelm\u00fcller, F., and Zehetner, C. (2015, January 1\u20133). Increasing numerical efficiency in coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian metal forming simulations. Proceedings of the XIII International Conference on Computational Plasticity, Fundamentals and Applications, Barcelona, Spain."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2020.03.005","article-title":"Finite element simulations of the material loads and residual stresses in milling utilizing the CEL method","volume":"87","author":"Vovk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Procedia CIRP"}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/21\/4\/1530\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T05:26:56Z","timestamp":1760160416000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/21\/4\/1530"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["s21041530"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s21041530","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]]}}}