{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T05:18:46Z","timestamp":1780636726431,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In addition to helping develop products that aid the disabled, brain\u2013computer interface (BCI) technology can also become a modality of entertainment for all people. However, most BCI games cannot be widely promoted due to the poor control performance or because they easily cause fatigue. In this paper, we propose a P300 brain\u2013computer-interface game (MindGomoku) to explore a feasible and natural way to play games by using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals in a practical environment. The novelty of this research is reflected in integrating the characteristics of game rules and the BCI system when designing BCI games and paradigms. Moreover, a simplified Bayesian convolutional neural network (SBCNN) algorithm is introduced to achieve high accuracy on limited training samples. To prove the reliability of the proposed algorithm and system control, 10 subjects were selected to participate in two online control experiments. The experimental results showed that all subjects successfully completed the game control with an average accuracy of 90.7% and played the MindGomoku an average of more than 11 min. These findings fully demonstrate the stability and effectiveness of the proposed system. This BCI system not only provides a form of entertainment for users, particularly the disabled, but also provides more possibilities for games.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21051613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T04:36:24Z","timestamp":1614314184000},"page":"1613","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["The MindGomoku: An Online P300 BCI Game Based on Bayesian Deep Learning"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3653-3891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Man","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China"},{"name":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Processing of Big Data on Transportation, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China"},{"name":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Processing of Big Data on Transportation, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7576-6743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiahui","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China"},{"name":"Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou 510330, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2789-2980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dengyong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China"},{"name":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Processing of Big Data on Transportation, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suna","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingcong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China"},{"name":"Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou 510330, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1669-8338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China"},{"name":"Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou 510330, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1109\/86.847812","article-title":"The Thought Translation Device (TTD) for Completely Paralyzed Patients","volume":"8","author":"Birbaumer","year":"2000","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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