{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T01:51:52Z","timestamp":1760233912926,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["109-2221-E-024 -012-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["109-2221-E-024 -012-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) is an important technique in B4G\/5G networks. With CoMP, multiple base stations can be clustered to compose a cooperating set to improve system throughput, especially for the users in cell edges. Existed studies have discussed how to mitigate overloading scenarios and enhance system throughput with CoMP statically. However, static cooperation fixes the set size and neglects the fast-changing of B4G\/5G networks. Thus, this paper provides a full study of off-peak hours and overloading scenarios. During off-peak hours, we propose to reduce BSs\u2019 transmission power and use the free radio resource to save energy while guaranteeing users\u2019 QoS. In addition, if large-scale activities happen with crowds gathering or in peak hours, we dynamically compose the cooperating set based on instant traffic requests to adjust base stations\u2019 BSs\u2019 transmission power; thus, the system will efficiently offload the traffic to the member cells which have available radio resources in the cooperating set. Experimental results show that the proposed schemes enhance system throughput, radio resource utilization, and energy efficiency, compared to other existing schemes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21051752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T20:33:57Z","timestamp":1614803637000},"page":"1752","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dynamic Set Planning for Coordinated Multi-Point in B4G\/5G Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8952-3577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jia-Ming","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Tainan, Tainan 70005, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Ching-Kuo","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Management, Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5453-3887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jen-Jee","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Artificial Intelligence, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Artificial Intelligence, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1810-1865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Po-Han","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Tainan, Tainan 70005, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Po-Min","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Tzung-Shi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National University of Tainan, Tainan 70005, Taiwan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1109\/JETCAS.2013.2243631","article-title":"An energy-efficient sleep scheduling with QoS consideration in 3GPP LTE-advanced networks for internet of things","volume":"3","author":"Liang","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE J. 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