{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:39:27Z","timestamp":1777657167749,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014132","name":"European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17IND12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17IND12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014132","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Internet of Things (IoT) is characterized by a large number of interconnected devices or assets. Measurement instruments in the IoT are typically digital in the sense that their indications are available only as digital output. Moreover, a growing number of IoT sensors contain a built-in pre-processing system, e.g., for compensating unwanted effects. This paper considers the application of metrological principles to such so-called \u201csmart sensors\u201d in the IoT. It addresses the calibration of digital sensors, mathematical and semantic approaches, the communication of data quality and the meaning of traceability for the IoT in general.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21062019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]],"date-time":"2021-03-14T23:52:06Z","timestamp":1615765926000},"page":"2019","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Toward Smart Traceability for Digital Sensors and the Industrial Internet of Things"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7433-583X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sascha","family":"Eichst\u00e4dt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Presidential Staff, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, 10587 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3718-7919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximilian","family":"Gruber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Presidential Staff, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, 10587 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5193-0070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anupam Prasad","family":"Vedurmudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Presidential Staff, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, 10587 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2190-6931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedikt","family":"Seeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acoustics and Dynamics, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Bruns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acoustics and Dynamics, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4441-856X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gertjan","family":"Kok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit Flow, Van Swinden Laboratory B.V., Thijsseweg 11, 2629 JA Delft, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Eichst\u00e4dt, S. 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