{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T04:59:12Z","timestamp":1779339552105,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,29]],"date-time":"2021-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Council of Science and Technology of Mexico (CONACYT)","award":["782789"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["782789"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>ZnAl2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized employing a colloidal method. The oxide powders were obtained at 300 \u00b0C, and their crystalline phase was corroborated by X-ray diffraction. The composition and chemical structure of the ZnAl2O4 was carried out by X-ray and photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The optical properties were studied by UV-vis spectroscopy, confirming that the ZnAl2O4 nanoparticles had a direct transition with bandgap energy of 3.2 eV. The oxide\u2019s microstructures were microbars of ~18.2 nm in size (on average), as analyzed by scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopies. Dynamic and stationary gas detection tests were performed in controlled propane atmospheres, obtaining variations concerning the concentration of the test gas and the operating temperature. The optimum temperatures for detecting propane concentrations were 200 and 300 \u00b0C. In the static test results, the ZnAl2O4 showed increases in propane response since changes in the material\u2019s electrical conductance were recorded (conductance = 1\/electrical resistance, \u03a9). The increases were ~2.8 at 200 \u00b0C and ~7.8 at 300 \u00b0C. The yield shown by the ZnAl2O4 nanoparticles for detecting propane concentrations was optimal compared to other similar oxides categorized as potential gas sensors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21072362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,29]],"date-time":"2021-03-29T16:01:57Z","timestamp":1617033717000},"page":"2362","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Synthesis of ZnAl2O4 and Evaluation of the Response in Propane Atmospheres of Pellets and Thick Films Manufactured with Powders of the Oxide"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1589-3481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilio","family":"Hu\u00edzar-Padilla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima 28400, Colima, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8029-017X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"Guill\u00e9n-Bonilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda de Proyectos, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, M. Garc\u00eda Barrag\u00e1n 1421, Guadalajara 44410, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0048-9198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex","family":"Guill\u00e9n-Bonilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Computacionales e Ingenier\u00edas, CUVALLES, Universidad de Guadalajara, Carretera Guadalajara-Ameca Km 45.5, Ameca 46600, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ver\u00f3nica-Mar\u00eda","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Betancourtt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, M. Garc\u00eda Barrag\u00e1n 1421, Guadalajara 44410, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONACYT-Unidad Acad\u00e9mica de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Zacatecas, Campus Siglo XXI, Carretera Zacatecas\u2014Guadalajara Km 6, Ejido la Escondida, Zacatecas 98160, Zacatecas, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0041-3932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Trinidad","family":"Guillen-Bonilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Electr\u00f3nica, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, M. 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