{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T02:17:01Z","timestamp":1779934621751,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,2]],"date-time":"2021-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2017YFB0405300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFB0405300"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61775079, 61627823, 61960206004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61775079, 61627823, 61960206004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province, China","award":["20180201046GX, 20190101016JH, 20200401059GX"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20180201046GX, 20190101016JH, 20200401059GX"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of an efficient, portable, real-time, and high-precision ammonia (NH3) remote sensor system is of great significance for environmental protection and citizens\u2019 health. We developed a NH3 remote sensor system based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) technique to measure the NH3 leakage. In order to eliminate the interference of water vapor on NH3 detection, the wavelength-locked wavelength modulation spectroscopy technique was adopted to stabilize the output wavelength of the laser at 6612.7 cm\u22121, which significantly increased the sampling frequency of the sensor system. To solve the problem in that the light intensity received by the detector keeps changing, the 2f\/1f signal processing technique was adopted. The practical application results proved that the 2f\/1f signal processing technique had a satisfactory suppression effect on the signal fluctuation caused by distance changing. Using Allan deviation analysis, we determined the stability and limit of detection (LoD). The system could reach a LoD of 16.6 ppm\u00b7m at an average time of 2.8 s, and a LoD of 0.5 ppm\u00b7m at an optimum averaging time of 778.4 s. Finally, the measurement result of simulated ammonia leakage verified that the ammonia remote sensor system could meet the need for ammonia leakage detection in the industrial production process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21072448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,2]],"date-time":"2021-04-02T04:13:51Z","timestamp":1617336831000},"page":"2448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["A Remote Sensor System Based on TDLAS Technique for Ammonia Leakage Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Hongbin","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuantao","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiding","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.127163","article-title":"Chemical compositions and source apportionment of PM2.5 during clear and hazy days: Seasonal changes and impacts of Youth Summer Olympic Games","volume":"256","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.11.007","article-title":"Spatial and seasonal variations of PM 2.5 mass and species during 2010 in Xi\u2019an, China","volume":"508","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. 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