{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T09:16:27Z","timestamp":1773825387863,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]],"date-time":"2021-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61831001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61831001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002358","name":"Beihang University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KG12060401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KG12060401"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002358","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"High-Level Talent Introduction Project of Beihang and the Youth-Top-Talent University","award":["(Grant No. ZG216S1878)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(Grant No. ZG216S1878)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A new slot-based antenna design capable of producing horizontal polarization for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ground control station (GCS) applications is outlined in this paper. The proposed antenna consists of oversize coaxial cylinders, slots, and slot-feed assembly. Each of the four vertical slots, arranged periodically around the antenna\u2019s outer cylinder, emits a horizontally polarized broad beam of radiation, in phase, to produce an omnidirectional pattern. The antenna possesses a low-ripple \u00b10.5 dB in azimuth gain (yaw) due to its symmetric axis shape and an enclosed feed within itself, which does not radiate and interfere with the main azimuth pattern. This is crucial for a UAV GCS to symmetrically extend its coverage range in all directions against yaw planes. Simulation and measurement results reveal that the antenna maintains stable gain in the omnidirectional pattern (+0.5 dB) over the entire operational frequency band (2.55 GHz to 2.80 GHz), where S11 is lower than \u221210 dB. A further advantage of this configuration is its enhanced polarization purity of \u221240 dB over the full frequency band. The direct-current (DC) grounding approach used in this antenna is beneficial due to its electrostatic discharge (ESD) and lightning protection. Furthermore, its aerodynamic, self-supporting, and surface-mount structural shape makes this antenna a good and worthy choice for a UAV GCS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21082763","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]],"date-time":"2021-04-14T15:30:39Z","timestamp":1618414239000},"page":"2763","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Horizontal Polarized DC Grounded Omnidirectional Antenna for UAV Ground Control Station"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Muhammad Shahzad","family":"Sadiq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5248-9333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cunjun","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory for Microwave Sensing and Security Applications, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3441-7237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamza","family":"Nawaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical, Information and Electronics Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2718-8915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahid","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"}]},{"given":"Wenlong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1109\/MAP.2007.4455907","article-title":"The Antenna as a Transducer: Simple Circuit and Electromagnetic Models","volume":"49","author":"Sevgi","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE Antennas Propag. 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