{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T01:56:07Z","timestamp":1760234167963,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]],"date-time":"2021-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Several studies have shown that gastrocnemius is frequently injured in triathletes. The causes of these injuries are similar to those that cause the appearance of the myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). The ischemic compression technique (ICT) and deep dry needling (DDN) are considered two of the main MPS treatment methods in latent myofascial trigger points (MTrPs). In this study superficial electromyographic (EMG) activity in lateral and medial gastrocnemius of triathletes with latent MTrPs was measured before and immediately after either DDN or ICT treatment. Taking into account superficial EMG activity of lateral and medial gastrocnemius, the immediate effectiveness in latent MTrPs of both DDN and ICT was compared. A total of 34 triathletes was randomly divided in two groups. The first and second groups (n = 17 in each group) underwent only one session of DDN and ICT, respectively. EMG measurement of gastrocnemius was assessed before and immediately after treatment. Statistically significant differences (p = 0.037) were shown for a reduction of superficial EMG measurements differences (%) of the experimental group (DDN) with respect to the intervention group (ICT) at a speed of 1 m\/s immediately after both interventions, although not at speeds of 1.5 m\/s or 2.5 m\/s. A statistically significant linear regression prediction model was shown for EMG outcome measurement differences at V1 (speed of 1 m\/s) which was only predicted for the treatment group (R2 = 0.129; \u03b2 = 8.054; F = 4.734; p = 0.037) showing a reduction of this difference under DDN treatment. DDN administration requires experience and excellent anatomical knowledge. According to our findings immediately after treatment of latent MTrPs, DDN could be advisable for triathletes who train at a speed lower than 1 m\/s, while ICT could be a more advisable technique than DDN for training or competitions at speeds greater than 1.5 m\/s.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21092906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]],"date-time":"2021-04-21T21:25:10Z","timestamp":1619040310000},"page":"2906","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Electromyographic Assessment of the Efficacy of Deep Dry Needling versus the Ischemic Compression Technique in Gastrocnemius of Medium-Distance Triathletes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Benito-de-Pedro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6569-1311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9sar","family":"Calvo-Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9818-6290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"L\u00f3pez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research, Health and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coru\u00f1a, 15403 Ferrol, Spain"}]},{"given":"Ana Isabel","family":"Benito-de-Pedro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6598-829X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Romero-Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Villaviciosa de Od\u00f3n Campus, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"San-Antol\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Villaviciosa de Od\u00f3n Campus, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1467-4175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davinia","family":"Vicente-Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Sanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"398","article-title":"Triceps surae contracture: Implications for foot and ankle surgery","volume":"21","author":"Abdulmassih","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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