{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T21:02:44Z","timestamp":1774040564106,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006360","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Energie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZF4013934RE7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZF4013934RE7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006360","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To meet the demands of the chemical and pharmaceutical process industry for a combination of high measurement accuracy, product selectivity, and low cost of ownership, the existing measurement and evaluation methods have to be further developed. This paper demonstrates the attempt to combine future Raman photometers with promising evaluation methods. As part of the investigations presented here, a new and easy-to-use evaluation method based on a self-learning algorithm is presented. This method can be applied to various measurement methods and is carried out here using an example of a Raman spectrometer system and an alcohol-water mixture as demonstration fluid. The spectra\u2019s chosen bands can be later transformed to low priced and even more robust Raman photometers. The evaluation method gives more precise results than the evaluation through classical methods like one primarily used in the software package Unscrambler. This technique increases the accuracy of detection and proves the concept of Raman process monitoring for determining concentrations. In the example of alcohol\/water, the computation time is less, and it can be applied to continuous column monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21093144","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T21:35:39Z","timestamp":1619904939000},"page":"3144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Incremental Learning in Modelling Process Analysis Technology (PAT)\u2014An Important Tool in the Measuring and Control Circuit on the Way to the Smart Factory"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Shivani","family":"Choudhary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Stra\u00dfe 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6666-2336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deborah","family":"Herdt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Stra\u00dfe 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Spoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Stra\u00dfe 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Fernando","family":"Garc\u00eda Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Process Control and Innovative Energy Conversion, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, 68163 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcel","family":"Nachtmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Stra\u00dfe 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3382-7608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"R\u00e4dle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Stra\u00dfe 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Breitkopf, A. 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