{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T07:16:11Z","timestamp":1782458171352,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]],"date-time":"2021-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The diagnosis, prognosis, and control of chronic kidney disease rely on an understanding of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The renal clearance of the cystatin-C is closely associated with the GFR. Cystatin-C is a more suitable GFR marker than the commonly used creatinine. General techniques for cystatin-C calculation, such as particle-enhanced turbidimetric and nephelometric assay, are time-consuming and tedious. Here, we propose a rapid, quantitative immunoassay for the detection of cystatin-C. A fluorescence-based lateral-flow kit was developed in a sandwich format by using a monoclonal antibody. A Linear calibration was obtained over the clinical diagnostic range of 0.023\u201332 \u00b5g\/mL and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.023 \u00b5g\/mL and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.029 \u00b5g\/mL. Average recoveries from spiked urine samples ranged from 96\u2013100% and the coefficient of variation was less than 4% for both intra and inter-day assays with excellent repeatability. With the comparison with an ELISA kit, the developed kit is highly sensitive, performs well over the detection range, provides repeatable results in a short time, and can easily be used at point-of-care (POC), making it an ideal candidate for rapid testing in early detection, community screening for renal function disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21093178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]],"date-time":"2021-05-05T22:51:42Z","timestamp":1620255102000},"page":"3178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Development and Evaluation of a Quantitative Fluorescent Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Cystatin-C, a Renal Dysfunction Biomarker"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1045-7472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satheesh","family":"Natarajan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600113, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1868-6357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria C.","family":"DeRosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4296-9322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malay Ilesh","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600113, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Jayaraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai 600113, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30045-3","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease, 1990\u20132017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"395","author":"Bikbov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2017.019","article-title":"The role of laboratory testing in detection and classification of chronic kidney disease: National recommendations","volume":"27","author":"Biljak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. 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