{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T12:15:41Z","timestamp":1780056941247,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010009","name":"Edge Hill University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GTA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GTA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tropical peatlands such as Ghana\u2019s Greater Amanzule peatland are highly valuable ecosystems and under great pressure from anthropogenic land use activities. Accurate measurement of their occurrence and extent is required to facilitate sustainable management. A key challenge, however, is the high cloud cover in the tropics that limits optical remote sensing data acquisition. In this work we combine optical imagery with radar and elevation data to optimise land cover classification for the Greater Amanzule tropical peatland. Sentinel-2, Sentinel-1 and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) imagery were acquired and integrated to drive a machine learning land cover classification using a random forest classifier. Recursive feature elimination was used to optimize high-dimensional and correlated feature space and determine the optimal features for the classification. Six datasets were compared, comprising different combinations of optical, radar and elevation features. Results showed that the best overall accuracy (OA) was found for the integrated Sentinel-2, Sentinel-1 and SRTM dataset (S2+S1+DEM), significantly outperforming all the other classifications with an OA of 94%. Assessment of the sensitivity of land cover classes to image features indicated that elevation and the original Sentinel-1 bands contributed the most to separating tropical peatlands from other land cover types. The integration of more features and the removal of redundant features systematically increased classification accuracy. We estimate Ghana\u2019s Greater Amanzule peatland covers 60,187 ha. Our proposed methodological framework contributes a robust workflow for accurate and detailed landscape-scale monitoring of tropical peatlands, while our findings provide timely information critical for the sustainable management of the Greater Amanzule peatland.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21103399","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T03:28:36Z","timestamp":1620962916000},"page":"3399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Testing the Contribution of Multi-Source Remote Sensing Features for Random Forest Classification of the Greater Amanzule Tropical Peatland"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8394-1241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex O.","family":"Amoakoh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Geology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9394-5630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Aplin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Geology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5603-1637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kwame T.","family":"Awuah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Geology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Delgado-Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Geology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7222-9486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cherith","family":"Moses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Geology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina Pe\u00f1a","family":"Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Geograf\u00eda F\u00edsica y Medio Ambiente, Department of Geography, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35003 Las Palmas, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Kankam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hen Mpoano (Our Coast), Takoradi WS-289-9503, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justice C.","family":"Mensah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hen Mpoano (Our Coast), Takoradi WS-289-9503, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1525\/bio.2011.61.1.10","article-title":"Biodiversity and conservation of tropical peat swamp forests","volume":"61","author":"Posa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioscience"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"FAO (2020). 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