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Nevertheless, the definition of \u2018older driver\u2019 varies not only across studies but also across different government reports. Although questionnaire surveys are widely used to affordably obtain massive data in a short time, they lack objectivity. In contrast, biomedical information can increase the reliability of a driving stress assessment when collected in environments such as driving simulators and on-road experiments. Various studies determined that driving behavior and stress remain stable regardless of age, whereas others reported degradation of driving abilities and increased driving stress among older drivers. Instead of age, many researchers recommended considering other influencing factors, such as gender, living area, and driving experience. To mitigate bias in findings, this literature review suggests a hybrid method by applying surveys and collecting on-road\/in-vehicle data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21103503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]],"date-time":"2021-05-18T06:01:33Z","timestamp":1621317693000},"page":"3503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Review of Studies on Older Drivers\u2019 Behavior and Stress\u2014Methods, Results, and Outlook"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5702-8598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanning","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7540-5040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Cabinet Office, Government of Japan (2017, July 21). 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