{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:27:56Z","timestamp":1772252876571,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]],"date-time":"2021-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Interior and Safety (MOIS, Korea)","award":["no.20009742"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["no.20009742"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In unpredictable disaster scenarios, it is important to recognize the situation promptly and take appropriate response actions. This study proposes a cloud computing-based data collection, processing, and analysis process that employs a crowd-sensing application. Clustering algorithms are used to define the major damage types, and hotspot analysis is applied to effectively filter critical data from crowdsourced data. To verify the utility of the proposed process, it is applied to Icheon-si and Anseong-si, both in Gyeonggi-do, which were affected by heavy rainfall in 2020. The results show that the types of incident at the damaged site were effectively detected, and images reflecting the damage situation could be classified using the application of the geospatial analysis technique. For 5 August 2020, which was close to the date of the event, the images were classified with a precision of 100% at a threshold of 0.4. For 24\u201325 August 2020, the image classification precision exceeded 95% at a threshold of 0.5, except for the mudslide mudflow in the Yul area. The location distribution of the classified images showed a distribution similar to that of damaged regions in unmanned aerial vehicle images.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21103562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]],"date-time":"2021-05-20T11:45:57Z","timestamp":1621511157000},"page":"3562","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Critical Image Identification via Incident-Type Definition Using Smartphone Data during an Emergency: A Case Study of the 2020 Heavy Rainfall Event in Korea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9630-4364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoonjo","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2959-9403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Namhun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stryx Inc., Mapo-gu, Seoul 03991, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1891-8464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seunghwan","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stryx Inc., Mapo-gu, Seoul 03991, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junsu","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shinhan Aerial Survey Co., Ltd., Geumcheon-gu, Seoul 08511, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilsuk","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stryx Inc., Mapo-gu, Seoul 03991, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong-Gyoo","family":"Sohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1103591","article-title":"Integrating Social Media into Emergency-Preparedness Efforts","volume":"365","author":"Merchant","year":"2011","journal-title":"N. 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