{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T14:10:33Z","timestamp":1762956633256,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cellular network operators are predicting an increase in space of more than 200 percent to carry the move and tremendous increase of total users in data traffic. The growing of investments in infrastructure such as a large number of small cells, particularly the technologies such as LTE-Advanced and 6G Technology, can assist in mitigating this challenge moderately. In this paper, we suggest a projection study in spectrum sharing of radar multi-input and multi-output, and mobile LTE multi-input multi-output communication systems near m base stations (BS). The radar multi-input multi-output and mobile LTE communication systems split different interference channels. The new approach based on radar projection signal detection has been proposed for free interference disturbance channel with radar multi-input multi-output and mobile LTE multi-input multi-output by using a new proposed interference cancellation algorithm. We chose the channel of interference with the best free channel, and the detected signal of radar was projected to null space. The goal is to remove all interferences from the radar multi-input multi-output and to cancel any disturbance sources from a chosen mobile Communication Base Station. The experimental results showed that the new approach performs very well and can optimize Spectrum Access.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21113584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]],"date-time":"2021-05-24T00:01:20Z","timestamp":1621814480000},"page":"3584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Interference Cancellation Based Spectrum Sharing for Massive MIMO Communication Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7764-3168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milembolo","family":"Junior","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenjie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuemei","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2004.839380","article-title":"Cognitive radio: Brain-empowered wireless communications","volume":"23","author":"Haykin","year":"2005","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miantezila, M., Guo, B., Zhang, C., and Bai, X. (2020, January 29\u201330). Primary User Channel State Prediction Based on Channel Allocation and DBHMM. Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Cyber-Enabled Distributed Computing and Knowledge Discovery (CyberC), Chongqing, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/CyberC49757.2020.00063"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kakalou, I., Papadopoulou, D., Xifilidis, T., Psannis, K.E., Siakavara, K., and Ishibashi, Y. (2018, January 7\u20139). A survey on spectrum sensing algorithms for cognitive radio networks. Proceedings of the 2018 7th International Conference on Modern Circuits and Systems Technologies (MOCAST), Thessaloniki, Greece.","DOI":"10.1109\/MOCAST.2018.8376562"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2011.241","article-title":"Senseless: A database-driven white spaces network","volume":"11","author":"Murty","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, Y., Morales, L., Gaeddert, J., Bae, K.K., Um, J.-S., and Reed, J.H. (2007, January 17\u201320). Applying radio environment maps to cognitive wireless regional area networks. Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks, Dublin, Ireland.","DOI":"10.1109\/DYSPAN.2007.22"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"1366","article-title":"Uplink Soft Frequency Reuse for Self-Coexistence of Cognitive Radio Networks","volume":"13","author":"Gao","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garnaev, A., and Trappe, W. (2017, January 14\u201316). Stability of communication link connectivity against hostile interference. Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP), Montreal, QC, Canada.","DOI":"10.1109\/GlobalSIP.2017.8308619"},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"Khawar, A., Abdelhadi, A., and Clancy, T.C. (2014, January 9\u201311). A mathematical analysis of cellular interference on the performance of S-band military radar systems. Proceedings of the 2014 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium, Washington, DC, USA."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Commission, F.C. (2021, May 20). FCC Proposes Innovative Small Cell Use in 3.5 GHz Band, Available online: https:\/\/www.fcc.gov\/document\/fcc-proposes-innovative-small-cell-use-35-ghz-band."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khawar, A., Ahmad, I., and Sulyman, A.I. (2015, January 8\u201312). Spectrum sharing between small cells and satellites: Opportunities and challenges. Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE International Conference on Communication Workshop (ICCW), London, UK.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCW.2015.7247408"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cui, Y., Koivunen, V., and Jing, X. (2020, January 7\u201311). Mutual Information Based Co-Design for Coexisting MIMO Radar and Communication Systems. Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops), Dublin, Ireland.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCWorkshops49005.2020.9145384"},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Gower, R.M., and Richt\u00e1rik, P.J. (2015). Stochastic Dual Ascent for Solving Linear Systems. arXiv."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2014.2365517","article-title":"Radar Spectrum Engineering and Management: Technical and Regulatory Issues","volume":"103","author":"Griffiths","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. IEEE"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rao, R.M., Dhillon, H.S., Marojevic, V., and Reed, J.H. (2019, January 9\u201313). Analysis of Worst-Case Interference in Underlay Radar-Massive MIMO Spectrum Sharing Scenarios. Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), Waikoloa, HI, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9013615"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60814","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2913888","article-title":"A Stochastic Optimization Approach for Spectrum Sharing of Radar and LTE Systems","volume":"7","author":"Labib","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2017.2693985","article-title":"Robust MIMO Beamforming for Cellular and Radar Coexistence","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Wirel. Commun. Lett."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3681","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2018.2833813","article-title":"MIMO Radar and Cellular Coexistence: A Power-Efficient Approach Enabled by Interference Exploitation","volume":"66","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Signal Process."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3425","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2008.926344","article-title":"Interference Alignment and Degrees of Freedom of the K-User Interference Channel","volume":"54","author":"Cadambe","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suh, C., and Tse, D. (2008, January 23\u201326). Interference Alignment for Cellular Networks. Proceedings of the 2008 46th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing, Monticello, IL, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/ALLERTON.2008.4797673"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2011.121310.101439","article-title":"Opportunistic Interference Alignment for Interference-Limited Cellular TDD Uplink","volume":"15","author":"Jung","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Lett."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2012.051012.110205","article-title":"Opportunistic Interference Mitigation Achieves Optimal Degrees-of-Freedom in Wireless Multi-Cell Uplink Networks","volume":"60","author":"Jung","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Commun."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2013.032113.120673","article-title":"Opportunistic Interference Alignment for MIMO Interfering Multiple-Access Channels","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2922","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2014.2319774","article-title":"Codebook-Based Opportunistic Interference Alignment","volume":"62","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Signal Process."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5947","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2015.2388714","article-title":"Opportunistic Interference Alignment for Random Access Networks","volume":"64","author":"Jin","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jung, B.C., Kim, S.M., Shin, W.-Y., and Yang, H.J. (2017). Optimal Multiuser Diversity in Multi-Cell MIMO Uplink Networks: User Scaling Law and Beamforming Design. Entropy, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/e19080393"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2017.2647942","article-title":"Opportunistic Downlink Interference Alignment for Multi-Cell MIMO Networks","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoon, J., Kim, Y., Jang, H.S., and Jung, B.C. (2019, January 22\u201325). Downlink Interference Alignment with Multi-User and Multi-Beam Diversity for Fog RANs. Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE 90th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2019-Fall), Honolulu, HI, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/VTCFall.2019.8891301"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, D.-H., Youn, J., and Jung, B.C. (2020). Opportunistic Interference Alignment for Spectrum Sharing between Radar and Communication Systems. Sensors, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/s20174868"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2017.2688373","article-title":"Efficient Positioning in MIMO Radars With Widely Separated Antennas","volume":"21","author":"Amiri","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Lett."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6826","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2020.3006208","article-title":"Interference Cancellation Based Channel Estimation for Massive MIMO Systems With Time Shifted Pilots","volume":"19","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2007.904812","article-title":"MIMO Radar with Colocated Antennas","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. Mag."},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Ulaby, F., Dobson, M.C., and \u00c1lvarez-P\u00e9rez, J.L. (2019). Handbook of Radar Scattering Statistics for Terrain, Artech House."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khawar, A., Abdel-Hadi, A., Clancy, T.C., and McGwier, R. (2014, January 3\u20136). Beampattern analysis for MIMO radar and telecommunication system coexistence. Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC), Honolulu, HI, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCNC.2014.6785392"},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"Skolnik, M.I. (2008). Radar Handbook, McGraw-Hill Education."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cui, Y., Koivunen, V., and Jing, X. (2018, January 25\u201328). Interference Alignment Based Spectrum Sharing for MIMO Radar and Communication Systems. Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE 19th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC), Kalamata, Greece.","DOI":"10.1109\/SPAWC.2018.8445973"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deniz, U.E., and Candan, C. (2018, January 2\u20135). A low-complexity precoder-decoder design in multiuser downlink MIMO communication systems for common and private information transmission. Proceedings of the 2018 26th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU), Izmir, Turkey.","DOI":"10.1109\/SIU.2018.8404210"},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"407","article-title":"Precoder Feedback Schemes for Robust Interference Alignment With Bounded CSI Uncertainty","volume":"6","author":"Garg","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Signal Inf. Process. Netw."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2018.2872615","article-title":"Fundamentals of Wireless Information and Power Transfer: From RF Energy Harvester Models to Signal and System Designs","volume":"37","author":"Clerckx","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Babaei, A., Tranter, W.H., and Bose, T. (2013, January 9\u201313). A nullspace-based precoder with subspace expansion for radar\/communications coexistence. Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), Atlanta, GA, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2013.6831613"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J., and Stoica, P. (2009). MIMO Radar Signal Processing, Wiley Online Library.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470391488"},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"GUO, L., Long, F., and Zhou, J.J.V.E. (2015). Resource Allocation with Carrier Aggregation of LTE-Advanced and S-Band Radar Carriers. Video Eng., 21."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghorbanzadeh, M., Abdelhadi, A., and Clancy, C. (2014, January 6\u20138). A utility proportional fairness resource allocation in spectrally radar-coexistent cellular networks. Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE Military Communications Conference, Baltimore, MD, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/MILCOM.2014.247"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3873","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2006.879267","article-title":"Target Detection and Localization Using MIMO Radars and Sonars","volume":"54","author":"Bekkerman","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Signal Process."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"Kay, S.M. (1993). Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing, Prentice Hall PTR."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4928","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2015.2424393","article-title":"Target Detection Performance of Spectrum Sharing MIMO Radars","volume":"15","author":"Khawar","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/21\/11\/3584\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:05:35Z","timestamp":1760162735000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/21\/11\/3584"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["s21113584"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s21113584","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1424-8220"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]]}}}