{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T15:42:19Z","timestamp":1773762139337,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-18-CE39-0002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-18-CE39-0002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010115","name":"R\u00e9gion Auvergne-Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C2019 \u2013 086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C2019 \u2013 086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010115","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this article, we report on video-rate identification of very low-cost tags in the terahertz (THz) domain. Contrary to barcodes, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, or even chipless RFID tags, operate in the Ultra-Wide Band (UWB). These THz labels are not based on a planar surface pattern but are instead embedded, thus hidden, in the volume of the product to identify. The tag is entirely made of dielectric materials and is based on a 1D photonic bandgap structure, made of a quasi-periodic stack of two different polyethylene-based materials presenting different refractive indices. The thickness of each layer is of the order of the THz wavelength, leading to an overall tag thickness in the millimetre range. More particularly, we show in this article that the binary information coded within these tags can be rapidly and reliably identified using a commercial terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS) system as a reader. More precisely, a bit error rate smaller than 1% is experimentally reached for a reading duration as short as a few tens of milliseconds on an 8 bits (~40 bits\/cm2) THID tag. The performance limits of such a tag structure are explored in terms of both dielectric material properties (losses) and angular acceptance. Finally, realistic coding capacities of about 60 bits (~300 bits\/cm2) can be envisaged with such tags.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21113692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T21:56:44Z","timestamp":1622066204000},"page":"3692","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Video-Rate Identification of High-Capacity Low-Cost Tags in the Terahertz Domain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5785-1859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florent","family":"Bonnefoy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IMEP-LAHC Laboratory, Savoie Mont Blanc University, CNRS, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble INP, Scientific Campus, 73370 Le Bourget du Lac, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maxime","family":"Bernier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMEP-LAHC Laboratory, Savoie Mont Blanc University, CNRS, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble INP, Scientific Campus, 73370 Le Bourget du Lac, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2671-8366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Etienne","family":"Perret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LCIS Laboratory, Grenoble INP, Grenoble Alpes University, ESISAR, 50 Rue Barth\u00e9l\u00e9my de Laffemas, 26000 Valence, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6355-9109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Barbot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LCIS Laboratory, Grenoble INP, Grenoble Alpes University, ESISAR, 50 Rue Barth\u00e9l\u00e9my de Laffemas, 26000 Valence, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6725-4273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romain","family":"Siragusa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LCIS Laboratory, Grenoble INP, Grenoble Alpes University, ESISAR, 50 Rue Barth\u00e9l\u00e9my de Laffemas, 26000 Valence, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3249-7667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Hely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LCIS Laboratory, Grenoble INP, Grenoble Alpes University, ESISAR, 50 Rue Barth\u00e9l\u00e9my de Laffemas, 26000 Valence, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eiji","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advantest America, Inc., Princeton, NJ 08540, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frederic","family":"Garet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMEP-LAHC Laboratory, Savoie Mont Blanc University, CNRS, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble INP, Scientific Campus, 73370 Le Bourget du Lac, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Pl\u00f6tz, H., and Nohl, K. 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