{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T05:22:22Z","timestamp":1776489742738,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,18]],"date-time":"2021-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Monitoring of motor symptom fluctuations in Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) patients is currently performed through the subjective self-assessment of patients. Clinicians require reliable information about a fluctuation\u2019s occurrence to enable a precise treatment rescheduling and dosing adjustment. In this review, we analyzed the utilization of sensors for identifying motor fluctuations in PD patients and the application of machine learning techniques to detect fluctuations. The review process followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Ten studies were included between January 2010 and March 2021, and their main characteristics and results were assessed and documented. Five studies utilized daily activities to collect the data, four used concrete scenarios executing specific activities to gather the data, and only one utilized a combination of both situations. The accuracy for classification was 83.56\u201396.77%. In the studies evaluated, it was not possible to find a standard cleaning protocol for the signal captured, and there is significant heterogeneity in the models utilized and in the different features introduced in the models (using spatiotemporal characteristics, frequential characteristics, or both). The two most influential factors in the good performance of the classification problem are the type of features utilized and the type of model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21124188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,18]],"date-time":"2021-06-18T11:19:20Z","timestamp":1624015160000},"page":"4188","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Wearable Technology to Detect Motor Fluctuations in Parkinson\u2019s Disease Patients: Current State and Challenges"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Mercedes","family":"Barrachina-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa en Ingenier\u00eda Biom\u00e9dica (PhD), ETSI Telecomunicaci\u00f3n, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid (UPM), Avenida Complutense, 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Mar\u00eda","family":"Mait\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Estudios e Innovaci\u00f3n en Gesti\u00f3n del Conocimiento (CEIEC), Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarc\u00f3n, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7690-1011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"S\u00e1nchez-\u00c1vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department de Matem\u00e1tica Aplicada a las TICs, ETSI Telecomunicaci\u00f3n, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid (UPM), Avenida Complutense, 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3190-1296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Pablo","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarc\u00f3n, Spain"},{"name":"Brain Damage Unit, Hospital Beata Mar\u00eda Ana, 28007 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.4321\/S1137-66272005000500002","article-title":"La telemedicina: \u00bfciencia o ficci\u00f3n?","volume":"28","author":"Monteagudo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70471-9","article-title":"Epidemiology of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"5","author":"Breteler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.56.1.33","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for Parkinson disease","volume":"56","author":"Gelb","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch. 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