{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T23:56:54Z","timestamp":1778630214116,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,20]],"date-time":"2021-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003848","name":"Industrial Technology Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["\u7814\u767c\u7522\u5b578942\u865f"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u7814\u767c\u7522\u5b578942\u865f"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Distributed fiber sensing (DFS) can provide real-time signals and warnings. The entire length of fiber optic cable can act as a sensing element, but the accuracy is sometimes limited. On the other hand, point-to-point fiber sensing (PPFS) is usually implemented using one or more fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) at specific positions along with the fiber for the monitoring of specific parameters (temperature, strain, pressure, and so on). However, the cost becomes expensive when the number of FBGs increases. A hybrid fiber sensing scheme is thus proposed, combining the advantages of DFS and PPFS. It is based on a Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) fiber system with additional FBGs embedded at certain positions where it is necessary to detect specific parameters. The hybrid fiber sensing system has the advantages of full sensing coverage at essential locations that need to be carefully monitored. In our work, the test results showed that the proposed system could achieve a sensing distance of 16 km with the single-mode fiber with a 2 m spatial resolution. For FBG parameter measurements, the temperature variation was 52 \u00b0C, from 25 \u00b0C to 77 \u00b0C, with a temperature sensitivity of 23 pm\/\u00b0C, and the strain was from 0 to 400 \u00b5\u03b5, with a strain sensitivity of 0.975 pm\/\u00b5\u03b5, respectively, using two FBGs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21124224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,20]],"date-time":"2021-06-20T21:50:15Z","timestamp":1624225815000},"page":"4224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Hybrid Fiber-Optic Sensing Integrating Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Analysis and Fiber Bragg Grating for Long-Range Two-Parameter Measurement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Shien-Kuei","family":"Liaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10671, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6751-5015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi-Wen","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Energy and Environment Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 31048, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng-Hsuan","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10671, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong-Chang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10671, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu-Ming","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10671, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhu-Yong","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10671, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chien-Hung","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Photonics, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Fung","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Photonics, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Agrawal, G. 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