{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T12:00:09Z","timestamp":1775736009538,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]],"date-time":"2021-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), power consumption is an important aspect when designing routing protocols. When compared to other components of a sensor node, the power required by radio transmitters is responsible for most of the consumption. One way to optimize energy consumption is by using energy-aware protocols. Such protocols take into consideration the residual energy information (i.e., remaining battery power) when making decisions, providing energy efficiency through the careful management of energy consumption. In this work, we go further and propose a new routing protocol that uses not only the residual energy information, but also the available renewable energy information from renewable energy sources such as solar cells. We then present the Renewable Energy-Based Routing (REBORN) algorithm, an energy-aware geographic routing algorithm, capable of managing both the residual and the available energy. Our results clearly show the advantages and the efficiency achieved by our REBORN algorithm when compared to other proposed energy-aware approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21134376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]],"date-time":"2021-06-27T23:57:22Z","timestamp":1624838242000},"page":"4376","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Routing with Renewable Energy Management in Wireless Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4661-6156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Junior","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"System Technical Group, Sidia Institute of Science and Technology, Manaus 69055-035, Brazil"},{"name":"Institute of Computing, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69080-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1151-3082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moys\u00e9s","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, National Institute for Amazon Research, Manaus 69067-375, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leandro","family":"Balico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Federal University of Roraima, Boa Vista 69310-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Pazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Business and Information Technology, Ontario Tech University (UOIT), Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9777-3947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hor\u00e1cio","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Computing, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69080-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-1286(01)00302-4","article-title":"Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey","volume":"38","author":"Akyildiz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Comput. 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