{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T17:00:37Z","timestamp":1775149237583,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]],"date-time":"2021-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chiral materials, which show different optical behaviors when illuminated by left or right circularly polarized light due to broken mirror symmetry, have greatly impacted the field of optical sensing over the past decade. To improve the sensitivity of chiral sensing platforms, enhancing the chiroptical response is necessary. Metasurfaces, which are two-dimensional metamaterials consisting of periodic subwavelength artificial structures, have recently attracted significant attention because of their ability to enhance the chiroptical response by manipulating amplitude, phase, and polarization of electromagnetic fields. Here, we reviewed the fundamentals of chiroptical metasurfaces as well as categorized types of chiroptical metasurfaces by their intrinsic or extrinsic chirality. Finally, we introduced applications of chiral metasurfaces such as multiplexing metaholograms, metalenses, and sensors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21134381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]],"date-time":"2021-06-27T23:57:22Z","timestamp":1624838242000},"page":"4381","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Chiroptical Metasurfaces: Principles, Classification, and Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0827-1919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joohoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea"}]},{"given":"Ahsan Sarwar","family":"Rana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NanoTech Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Technology University of the Punjab, Ferozepur Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7595-0164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeseul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8686-6670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inki","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9458-6062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trevon","family":"Badloe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6664-5483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Zubair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NanoTech Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Technology University of the Punjab, Ferozepur Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Qasim","family":"Mehmood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NanoTech Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Technology University of the Punjab, Ferozepur Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2179-2890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junsuk","family":"Rho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213902","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.89.213902","article-title":"A Metamaterial for Directive Emission","volume":"89","author":"Enoch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys. 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