{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T13:38:40Z","timestamp":1761917920668,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["180201-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["180201-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Using a linear discriminant analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) indices, the present study sought to verify the usefulness of autonomic measurement in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients by assessing the feasibility of their return to work after sick leave. When reinstatement was scheduled, patients\u2019 HRV was measured using a wearable electrocardiogram device. The outcome of the reinstatement was evaluated at one month after returning to work. HRV indices including high- and low-frequency components were calculated in three conditions within a session: initial rest, mental task, and rest after task. A linear discriminant function was made using the HRV indices of 30 MDD patients from our previous study to effectively discriminate the successful reinstatement from the unsuccessful reinstatement; this was then tested on 52 patients who participated in the present study. The discriminant function showed that the sensitivity and specificity in discriminating successful from unsuccessful returns were 95.8% and 35.7%, respectively. Sensitivity is high, indicating that normal HRV is required for a successful return, and that the discriminant analysis of HRV indices is useful for return-to-work screening in MDD patients. On the other hand, specificity is low, suggesting that other factors may also affect the outcome of reinstatement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21155177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T21:44:32Z","timestamp":1627854272000},"page":"5177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Return-to-Work Screening by Linear Discriminant Analysis of Heart Rate Variability Indices in Depressed Subjects"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Toshikazu","family":"Shinba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka 422-8527, Japan"},{"name":"Autonomic Nervous System Consulting, Shizuoka 420-0839, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keizo","family":"Murotsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka 422-8527, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Shizuoka Red Cross Hospital, Shizuoka 420-0853, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yosuke","family":"Usui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Shizuoka Red Cross Hospital, Shizuoka 420-0853, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Andow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yoga Mental Clinic, Tokyo 158-0097, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Terada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aoi Clinic, Shizuoka 420-0033, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobutoshi","family":"Kariya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maynds Tower Mental Clinic, Tokyo 151-00053, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Tatebayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affective Disorders Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Matsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affective Disorders Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Go","family":"Mugishima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human and Social Sciences, Fukuoka Prefectural University, Tagawa 825-8585, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yujiro","family":"Shinba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Autonomic Nervous System Consulting, Shizuoka 420-0839, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5639-3171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guanghao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takemi","family":"Matsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of System Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 191-0065, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Social functioning and the treatment of depression","volume":"61","author":"Weissman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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