{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T20:50:01Z","timestamp":1780779001483,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]],"date-time":"2021-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The integration of generative design (GD) and building information modelling (BIM), as a new technology consolidation, can facilitate the constructability of GD\u2019s automatic design solutions, while improving BIM\u2019s capability in the early design phase. Thus, there has been an increasing interest to study GD-BIM, with current focuses mainly on exploring applications and investigating tools. However, there are a lack of studies regarding methodological relationships and skill requirement based on different development objectives or GD properties; thus, the threshold of developing GD-BIM still seems high. This study conducts a critical review of current approaches for developing GD in BIM, and analyses methodological relationships, skill requirements, and improvement of GD-BIM development. Accordingly, novel perspectives of objective-oriented, GD component-based, and skill-driven GD-BIM development as well as reference guides are proposed. Finally, future research directions, challenges, and potential solutions are discussed. This research aims to guide designers in the building industry to properly determine approaches for developing GD-BIM and inspire researchers\u2019 future studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21165439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]],"date-time":"2021-08-12T10:54:41Z","timestamp":1628765681000},"page":"5439","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Generative Design in Building Information Modelling (BIM): Approaches and Requirements"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Design and the Built Environment, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, East China Jiao Tong University, Nanchang 330013, China"},{"name":"Australasian Joint Research Centre for Building Information Modelling, School of Built Environment, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3384-4050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Design and Built Environment, Western Sydney University, Kingswood, NSW 2747, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolei","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Design and the Built Environment, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junbo","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Design and the Built Environment, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Meintjes, K. 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