{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:16:31Z","timestamp":1760235391102,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]],"date-time":"2021-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The study examined whether the performance characteristics of male university field hockey players differed when the match format was 2 \u00d7 35 min halves compared to 2 \u00d7 2 \u00d7 17.5 min quarters. Thirty-five male university field hockey players (age 21.2 \u00b1 3.0 years, height 1.81 \u00b1 0.07 m, body mass 75.1 \u00b1 8.9 kg), competing at national level in the UK, were monitored over 52 matches played across the 2018\u20132019 (2 \u00d7 35 min halves) and 2019\u20132020 (2 \u00d7 2 \u00d7 17.5 min quarters) seasons using 15 Hz Global Positioning System units and heart rate monitors. Total distance, high-speed running distance (\u226515.5 km\u00b7h\u22121), accelerations (\u22652 m\u00b7s\u22121), decelerations (\u2264\u22122 m\u00b7s\u22121), average heart rate and percentage of time spent at &gt;85% of maximum heart rate were recorded during both match formats. Two-level random intercept hierarchal models (Match\u2014level 1, Player\u2014level 2) suggested that the change in format from 2 \u00d7 35 min halves (2018\u20132019 season) to 2 \u00d7 2 \u00d7 17.5 min quarters (2019\u20132020 season) resulted in a reduction in total distance and high-speed running distance completed during a match (by 221 m and 120 m, respectively, both p &lt; 0.001). As no significant cross-level interactions were observed (between season and half), the change from 35 min halves to 17.5 min quarters did not attenuate the reduced physical performance evident during the second half of matches (total distance: \u2212235 m less in second half; high-speed running distance: \u221270 m less in second half; both p &lt; 0.001). Overall, the findings suggest that the change in match format did alter the performance characteristics of male university field hockey players, but the quarter format actually reduced the total distance and high-speed running distance completed during matches, and did not attenuate the reduction in performance seen during the second half of matches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21165490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]],"date-time":"2021-08-15T22:51:27Z","timestamp":1629067887000},"page":"5490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of Changing Match Format from Halves to Quarters on the Performance Characteristics of Male University Field Hockey Players"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9748-0352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elliot P.","family":"Lam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7484-1345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline D.","family":"Sunderland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Science, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK"}]},{"given":"John G.","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Science, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7303-4434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura-Anne M.","family":"Furlong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK"},{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland"}]},{"given":"Barry S.","family":"Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2227-0680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura A.","family":"Barrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000128199.23901.2F","article-title":"Use of RPE-based training load in soccer","volume":"36","author":"Impellizzeri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med. 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