{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T17:02:36Z","timestamp":1774544556039,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]],"date-time":"2021-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Iron and Steel Joint Research Fund","award":["E2020203029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E2020203029"]}]},{"name":"Sub-project of National Key R&amp;D Plan","award":["2017YFB0306404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFB0306404"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rolling mill multi-row bearings are subjected to axial loads, which cause damage of rolling elements and cages, so the axial vibration signal contains rich fault character information. The vertical shock caused by the failure is weakened because multiple rows of bearings are subjected to radial forces together. Considering the special characters of rolling mill bearing vibration signals, a fault diagnosis method combining Adaptive Multivariate Variational Mode Decomposition (AMVMD) and Multi-channel One-dimensional Convolution Neural Network (MC1DCNN) is proposed to improve the diagnosis accuracy. Additionally, Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network (DCGAN) is embedded in models to solve the problem of fault data scarcity. DCGAN is used to generate AMVMD reconstruction data to supplement the unbalanced dataset, and the MC1DCNN model is trained by the dataset to diagnose the real data. The proposed method is compared with a variety of diagnostic models, and the experimental results show that the method can effectively improve the diagnosis accuracy of rolling mill multi-row bearing under unbalanced dataset conditions. It is an important guide to the current problem of insufficient data and low diagnosis accuracy faced in the fault diagnosis of multi-row bearings such as rolling mills.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21165494","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]],"date-time":"2021-08-15T22:51:27Z","timestamp":1629067887000},"page":"5494","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Fault Diagnosis Method for Rolling Mill Multi Row Bearings Based on AMVMD-MC1DCNN under Unbalanced Dataset"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Chen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cold Rolling Strip Equipment and Process Engineering Technology Research Center, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066000, China"}]},{"given":"Jianliang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cold Rolling Strip Equipment and Process Engineering Technology Research Center, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066000, China"}]},{"given":"Shuilin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cold Rolling Strip Equipment and Process Engineering Technology Research Center, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066000, China"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cold Rolling Strip Equipment and Process Engineering Technology Research Center, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066000, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.2005.847955","article-title":"Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Motors\u2014A Review","volume":"20","author":"Nandi","year":"2005","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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