{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T22:28:25Z","timestamp":1768429705502,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019-0-00933"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-0-00933"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, a simple printed cross-dipole (PCD) antenna to achieve a right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) at the L\/S-band for direction finding (DF) systems is presented. The radiating part of the antenna consists of two printed dipoles that interlock with each other and are mounted orthogonally on a dual-layer printed reflector. To connect the feedlines of the dipole elements to the antenna\u2019s feed network, which is located on the backside of the reflector, a through-hole signal via (THSV) is employed as the signal interconnection instead of the mainstream approach of using coaxial bead conductor. This feeding technique provides a degree of freedom to control the impedance of the signal path between the feedlines and the feed network in the numerical simulation for improved matching conditions. The proposed THSV extending through the dual-layer printed reflector is more reliable, durable, and mechanically robust to stabilize the matching conditions of the fabricated antenna in contrast to the coaxial-based approach that is more susceptible to impedance mismatch due to solder fatigue. Thus, the proposed PCD antenna offers advantages of broadband, flexible impedance matching, and fabrication ease. The antenna exhibits an impedance bandwidth (IBW) of 59% (1.59\u20132.93 GHz), a 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 57% (1.5\u20132.7 GHz), and a peak of 7.5 dB within the operating frequency band.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21175966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T21:47:38Z","timestamp":1630964858000},"page":"5966","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Simple Printed Cross-Dipole Antenna with Modified Feeding Structure and Dual-Layer Printed Reflector for Direction Finding Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9599-1219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyei","family":"Anim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Electronics Engineering Department, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bonghyuk","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication RF Research Section, Radio & Satellite Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon 34129, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui Dong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication RF Research Section, Radio & Satellite Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon 34129, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seunghyun","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication RF Research Section, Radio & Satellite Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon 34129, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunwoo","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication RF Research Section, Radio & Satellite Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon 34129, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young-Bae","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electronics Engineering Department, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5605","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.2017.2742585","article-title":"Broadbeam Cross-Dipole Antenna for GPS Applications","volume":"65","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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