{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T16:45:29Z","timestamp":1768409129606,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National high resolution of China","award":["GFZX0403260312"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GFZX0403260312"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to enable the aerial photoelectric equipment to realize wide-area reconnaissance and target surveillance at the same time, a dual-band dynamic scan and stare imaging system is proposed in this paper. The imaging system performs scanning and pointing through a two-axis gimbal, compensating the image motion caused by the aircraft and gimbal angular velocity and the aircraft liner velocity using two two-axis fast steering mirrors (FSMs). The composition and working principle of the dynamic scan and stare imaging system, the detailed scheme of the two-axis FSM and the image motion compensation (IMC) algorithm are introduced. Both the structure and the mirror of the FSM adopt aluminum alloys, and the flexible support structure is designed based on four cross-axis flexural hinges. The Root-Mean-Square (RMS) error of the mirror reaches 15.8 nm and the total weight of the FSM assembly is 510 g. The IMC rate equations of the two-axis FSM are established based on the coordinate transformation method. The effectiveness of the FSM and IMC algorithm is verified by the dynamic imaging test in the laboratory and flight test.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21196441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T22:16:38Z","timestamp":1632780998000},"page":"6441","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Conceptual Design and Image Motion Compensation Rate Analysis of Two-Axis Fast Steering Mirror for Dynamic Scan and Stare Imaging System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Jianjun","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130033, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Yalin","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130033, China"}]},{"given":"Hongwen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130033, China"}]},{"given":"Guoqin","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130033, China"}]},{"given":"Yuquan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"98190K","article-title":"SKYWARD: The next generation airborne infrared search and track","volume":"Volume 9819","author":"Andresen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Infrared Technology and Applications XLII"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"061310","DOI":"10.1117\/1.OE.52.6.061310","article-title":"Design challenges regarding high-definition electro-optic\/infrared stabilized imaging systems","volume":"52","author":"Miller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Opt. 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