{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T02:01:33Z","timestamp":1774058493704,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Frailty and falls are a major public health problem in older adults. Muscle weakness of the lower and upper extremities are risk factors for any, as well as recurrent falls including injuries and fractures. While the Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test is often used to identify frail members and fallers, tensiomyography (TMG) can be used as a non-invasive tool to assess the function of skeletal muscles. In a clinical study, we evaluated the correlation between the TMG parameters of the skeletal muscle contraction of 23 elderly participants (22 f, age 86.74 \u00b1 7.88) and distance-based TUG test subtask times. TUG tests were recorded with an ultrasonic-based device. The sit-up and walking phases were significantly correlated to the contraction and delay time of the muscle vastus medialis (\u03c1 = 0.55\u20130.80, p &lt; 0.01). In addition, the delay time of the muscles vastus medialis (\u03c1 = 0.45, p = 0.03) and gastrocnemius medialis (\u03c1 = \u22120.44, p = 0.04) correlated to the sit-down phase. The maximal radial displacements of the biceps femoris showed significant correlations with the walk-forward times (\u03c1 = \u22120.47, p = 0.021) and back (\u03c1 = \u22120.43, p = 0.04). The association of TUG subtasks to muscle contractile parameters, therefore, could be utilized as a measure to improve the monitoring of elderly people\u2019s physical ability in general and during rehabilitation after a fall in particular. TUG test subtask measurements may be used as a proxy to monitor muscle properties in rehabilitation after long hospital stays and injuries or for fall prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21196539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T21:26:20Z","timestamp":1633728380000},"page":"6539","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Quantification of the Link between Timed Up-and-Go Test Subtasks and Contractile Muscle Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1948-567X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Ziegl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, 8020 Graz, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Neural Engineering, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1822-9033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dieter","family":"Hayn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, 8020 Graz, Austria"},{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Prevention, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Kastner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, 8020 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ester","family":"Fabiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alma Mater Europaea ECM, Faculty of Physical Therapy, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo\u0161tjan","family":"\u0160imuni\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alma Mater Europaea ECM, Faculty of Physical Therapy, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"},{"name":"Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, 6000 Koper, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"L\u00f6ffler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Schweitzer Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Geriatric Health Care Centers Graz, 8020 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Weidinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Schweitzer Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Geriatric Health Care Centers Graz, 8020 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7308-5450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bianca","family":"Brix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology Division, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6704-0723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nandu","family":"Goswami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology Division, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3724-4255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Schreier","family":"G\u00fcnter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, 8020 Graz, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Neural Engineering, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M146","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.3.M146","article-title":"Frailty in Older Adults: Evidence for a Phenotype","volume":"56","author":"Fried","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. 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