{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T13:44:24Z","timestamp":1761486264853,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]],"date-time":"2021-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002428","name":"FWF Austrian Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F6803-N36 F6804-N36"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F6803-N36 F6804-N36"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a widely used imaging technique in the micrometer regime, which gained accelerating interest in medical imaging in the last twenty years. In up-to-date OCT literature, certain simplifying assumptions are made for the reconstructions, but for many applications, a more realistic description of the OCT imaging process is of interest. In mathematical models, for example, the incident angle of light onto the sample is usually neglected or a plane wave description for the light\u2013sample interaction in OCT is used, which ignores almost completely the occurring effects within an OCT measurement process. In this article, we make a first step to a quantitative model by considering the measured intensity as a combination of back-scattered Gaussian beams affected by the system. In contrast to the standard plane wave simplification, the presented model includes system relevant parameters, such as the position of the focus and the spot size of the incident laser beam, which allow a precise prediction of the OCT data. The accuracy of the proposed model\u2014after calibration of all necessary system parameters\u2014is illustrated by simulations and validated by a comparison with experimental data obtained from a 1300 nm swept-source OCT system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s21206864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,17]],"date-time":"2021-10-17T23:25:15Z","timestamp":1634513115000},"page":"6864","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A Quantitative Model for Optical Coherence Tomography"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9909-8121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leopold","family":"Veselka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mathematics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4436-8205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Krainz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7807-8153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonidas","family":"Mindrinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mathematics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3557-6398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Drexler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5894-5793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Elbau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mathematics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.13.000186","article-title":"Eye-length measurement by interferometry with partially coherent light","volume":"13","author":"Fercher","year":"1988","journal-title":"Opt. 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